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Avaliação da dimensão da via aérea em pacientes com atresia maxilar comparativamente a pacientes sem atresia maxilar : um estudo tomográfico
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Introdução: A atresia maxilar corresponde a uma deficiência transversal da maxila que pode influenciar o desenvolvimento craniofacial, a oclusão e, potencialmente, a morfologia da via aérea superior. A avaliação tridimensional por tomografia computorizada de feixe cónico permite uma análise mais detalhada destas estruturas, contribuindo para uma melhor compreensão da relação entre discrepâncias transversais maxilares e dimensões da via aérea superior. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo observacional, transversal e retrospetivo, com recurso a exames de tomografia computorizada de feixe cónico. A amostra foi constituída por 140 indivíduos, distribuídos em cinco grupos de acordo com o grau de atresia maxilar: sem atresia, atresia leve, atresia moderada, atresia grave e atresia muito grave. Foram avaliados o volume total da via aérea superior, a área de secção máxima, a área de secção mínima, o comprimento ântero-posterior e o comprimento lateral. A análise estatística considerou o grau de atresia maxilar, o sexo e o grupo etário. Resultados: Não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre <br/>os diferentes graus de atresia maxilar relativamente ao volume total, à área de secção máxima, à área de secção mínima, ao comprimento ântero-posterior e ao comprimento lateral da via aérea superior. No entanto, verificaram-se algumas tendências para valores médios inferiores em grupos com maior severidade de atresia. O grupo etário demonstrou influência estatisticamente significativa em vários parâmetros da via aérea superior, enquanto o sexo não apresentou influência relevante. Conclusão: Na amostra analisada, o grau de atresia maxilar não se associou de forma estatisticamente significativa às dimensões da via aérea superior. Estes resultados reforçam a importância de uma avaliação individualizada, integrada e interdisciplinar na interpretação da morfologia da via aérea em pacientes ortodônticos.
Introduction: Maxillary transverse deficiency, also known as maxillary constriction, is a condition that may influence craniofacial development, occlusion and, potentially, upper airway morphology. Three-dimensional assessment using cone-beam computed tomography allows a more detailed analysis of these structures, contributing to better understanding of the relationship between transverse maxillary discrepancies and upper airway dimensions. Materials and Methods: An observational, cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted using cone-beam computed tomography scans. The sample consisted of 140 individuals, divided into five groups according to the degree of maxillary constriction: no constriction, mild constriction, moderate constriction, severe constriction and very severe constriction. Total upper airway volume, maximum cross-sectional area, minimum cross-sectional area, anteroposterior length and lateral length were assessed. Statistical analysis considered the degree of maxillary constriction, sex and age group. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed between the different degrees of maxillary constriction regarding total upper airway volume, maximum cross-sectional area, minimum cross-sectional area, anteroposterior length or lateral length. However, some trends towards lower mean values were observed in groups with greater severity of maxillary constriction. Age group showed a statistically significant influence on several upper airway parameters, whereas sex did not present a relevant influence. <br/>Conclusion: In the analysed sample, the degree of maxillary constriction was not statistically significantly associated with upper airway dimensions. These findings highlight the importance of an individualized, integrated and interdisciplinary assessment when interpreting upper airway morphology in orthodontic patients.
Introduction: Maxillary transverse deficiency, also known as maxillary constriction, is a condition that may influence craniofacial development, occlusion and, potentially, upper airway morphology. Three-dimensional assessment using cone-beam computed tomography allows a more detailed analysis of these structures, contributing to better understanding of the relationship between transverse maxillary discrepancies and upper airway dimensions. Materials and Methods: An observational, cross-sectional and retrospective study was conducted using cone-beam computed tomography scans. The sample consisted of 140 individuals, divided into five groups according to the degree of maxillary constriction: no constriction, mild constriction, moderate constriction, severe constriction and very severe constriction. Total upper airway volume, maximum cross-sectional area, minimum cross-sectional area, anteroposterior length and lateral length were assessed. Statistical analysis considered the degree of maxillary constriction, sex and age group. Results: No statistically significant differences were observed between the different degrees of maxillary constriction regarding total upper airway volume, maximum cross-sectional area, minimum cross-sectional area, anteroposterior length or lateral length. However, some trends towards lower mean values were observed in groups with greater severity of maxillary constriction. Age group showed a statistically significant influence on several upper airway parameters, whereas sex did not present a relevant influence. <br/>Conclusion: In the analysed sample, the degree of maxillary constriction was not statistically significantly associated with upper airway dimensions. These findings highlight the importance of an individualized, integrated and interdisciplinary assessment when interpreting upper airway morphology in orthodontic patients.
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Palavras-chave
Deficiência transversal maxilar Maxila Via aérea Tomografia computorizada de feixe cónico Ortodontia Maxillary transverse deficiency Maxilla Airway Cone beam computed tomography Orthodontics
Contexto Educativo
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Licença CC
Sem licença CC