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Abstract(s)
Introdução: Ao longo das últimas décadas, tem-se assistido a um progressivo envelhecimento da população e com ele o aumento da importância da saúde oral. Alguns estudos que comparam a saúde oral entre os idosos institucionalizados e não-institucionalizados referem que esta se revela mais precária nos institucionalizados.
Objetivo: Caraterização da saúde oral, parâmetros salivares e presença de diferentes espécies de Candida que colonizam lesões compatíveis com estomatite protética.
Materiais e métodos: Estudo epidemiológico observacional analítico transversal com uma amostra constituída por 177 participantes, 75 institucionalizados e 102 não-institucionalizados. Recolha de dados realizada por questionário, observação clínica da cavidade oral, recolha de amostra de saliva estimulada e zaragatoa de lesões suspeitas de estomatite protética.
Resultados: Os idosos institucionalizados apresentaram um maior valor médio de CPOD (p=<0,0001), uma maior média de dentes perdidos (p=<0,0001) bem como uma alta percentagem de edêntulos (p=0,001). Estes resultados são explicados sobretudo pela maior idade dos idosos institucionalizados (83,23±7,63) bem como pela maior prevalência de doenças cardiovasculares neste grupo. Em ambos os grupos (institucionalizados e não institucionalizados) os índices de saúde oral revelam piores indicadores que os dados para a população portuguesa, provavelmente associados à diminuição dos cuidados de higiene oral relativamente ao preconizado. Quanto aos parâmetros salivares, a taxa de fluxo salivar e o pH encontram-se dentro da norma nos dois grupos. De realçar a autoconsciência desajustada da saúde oral em ambos os grupos e a presença de Candida em 80% dos idosos nos quais se suspeitou de estomatite protética, sendo a C. tropicalis e a C. albicans as espécies mais prevalentes.
Conclusão: É fundamental a elaboração de estratégias para a promoção da saúde oral junto da população idosa quer institucionalizada quer não-institucionalizada. Particularmente nos lares e instituições, os cuidadores primários necessitam de mais formação específica para corresponderem às necessidades de cuidados de saúde oral dos idosos.
Introduction: Over the last decades, there has been a progressive aging of the population and, with it, the increase of the importance of oral health. Some studies comparing oral health among the institutionalized and non-institutionalized elderly reveal that it’s more precarious in the institutionalized ones. Objective: Characterization of oral health, salivary parameters and presence of different Candida species that colonize lesions compatible with prosthetic stomatitis. Materials and methods: Epidemiological observational cross-sectional study with a sample of 177 participants, 75 institutionalized and 102 non-institutionalized. Data collection by questionnaire, clinical observation of the oral cavity, collection of stimulated saliva sample and swipe of lesions suspected of prosthetic stomatitis. Results: Institutionalized elderly patients presented a higher average value of DMFT (p = 0.0001), a higher average of lost teeth (p = <0.0001) as well as a high percentage of edentulous (p = 0.001). These results are mostly explained by the higher age of the institutionalized elderly (83.23 ± 7.63) as well as by the higher prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in this group. In both groups (institutionalized and non-institutionalized) the oral health indexes reveal worse indicators than the data for the Portuguese population, probably associated to the reduction of oral hygiene care compared to the recommended. As for salivary parameters, salivary flow rate and pH are within the norm in both groups. Of note was the poor self-awareness of oral health among both groups and the presence of Candida in 80% of the elderly in whom prosthetic stomatitis was suspected, being the C. tropicalis and C. albicans the most prevalent species. Conclusion: The refinement of strategies for oral health promotion among the elderly population, both institutionalized and non-institutionalized is fundamental. Particularly in nursing homes and institutions, primary caregivers need more specific training to match the oral health care needs of the elderly.
Introduction: Over the last decades, there has been a progressive aging of the population and, with it, the increase of the importance of oral health. Some studies comparing oral health among the institutionalized and non-institutionalized elderly reveal that it’s more precarious in the institutionalized ones. Objective: Characterization of oral health, salivary parameters and presence of different Candida species that colonize lesions compatible with prosthetic stomatitis. Materials and methods: Epidemiological observational cross-sectional study with a sample of 177 participants, 75 institutionalized and 102 non-institutionalized. Data collection by questionnaire, clinical observation of the oral cavity, collection of stimulated saliva sample and swipe of lesions suspected of prosthetic stomatitis. Results: Institutionalized elderly patients presented a higher average value of DMFT (p = 0.0001), a higher average of lost teeth (p = <0.0001) as well as a high percentage of edentulous (p = 0.001). These results are mostly explained by the higher age of the institutionalized elderly (83.23 ± 7.63) as well as by the higher prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in this group. In both groups (institutionalized and non-institutionalized) the oral health indexes reveal worse indicators than the data for the Portuguese population, probably associated to the reduction of oral hygiene care compared to the recommended. As for salivary parameters, salivary flow rate and pH are within the norm in both groups. Of note was the poor self-awareness of oral health among both groups and the presence of Candida in 80% of the elderly in whom prosthetic stomatitis was suspected, being the C. tropicalis and C. albicans the most prevalent species. Conclusion: The refinement of strategies for oral health promotion among the elderly population, both institutionalized and non-institutionalized is fundamental. Particularly in nursing homes and institutions, primary caregivers need more specific training to match the oral health care needs of the elderly.
Description
Keywords
Saúde oral Saliva Candida Idosos institucionalizados Idosos não-institucionalizados Oral health Institutionalized elderly Non-institutionalized elderly