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Abstract(s)
Deaftopia é o conceito que engloba sonhos e projecções de futuro assim como os temores provenientes do imaginário e experiência das pessoas Surdas na procura do Deafhood. O conceito propõe uma nova perspectiva sobre as produções culturais dos Povos de Línguas Gestuais em sinergia entre os Estudos de Cultura, Estudos Surdos, e Estudos de Utopia. O valioso contributo metodológico dos Estudos de Cultura permite a inovadora perspectiva teórica na análise crítica das produções culturais dos Povos de Língua Gestual enquanto manifestações de crítica e resistência a séculos sob opressão. A mudança de paradigma, da perspectiva médica que conceptualiza o indivíduo Surdo como patológico e incompleto, para a perspectiva cultural que entende as pessoas Surdas como uma minoria étnica cultural e linguística, assinala um cultural turn nos Estudos Surdos e a sua consolidação como uma área das Humanidades, evidenciando a pertinência de uma investigação das utopias dos Povos com Línguas Gestuais na constituição do conceito de Deaftopia.A análise de representações utópicas e distópicas dos Povos de Línguas Gestuais resulta de uma cuidadosa selecção de narrativas e discursos encontrados na literatura e visuature (literatura em língua gestual) como em romances e histórias, poemas e discursos, e textos não-literários como cartas e manifestos políticos produzidos por pessoas Surdas. Os discursos provêm de diversas origens, desde aglomerados populacionais Surdos, a arte Surda como filmes, manifestações de activismo Surdo, e até os esforços associativos e políticos para o reconhecimento legal das línguas gestuais. Uma perspectiva mais complexa da Deaftopia engloba não só um futuro utópico (no que diz respeito ao sonho da pessoa Surda), mas também as premonições distópicas das ameaças que incitam a criar contra-narrativas e discursos de resistência. O objectivo deste estudo é analisar de forma rigorosa as narrativas e discursos dos Povos de Línguas Gestuais e teorizar a Deaftopia como conceito científico e expressão da Cultura Surda. Esta investigação pretende ainda contribuir para a preservação da Cultura Surda, das línguas gestuais, das epistemologias Surdas e assim, constituir um exemplo concreto de Deaf Gain.
Deaftopia conceptualizes dreams and projections for the future, as well as fears flourishing from Deaf imaginary and experience in the search of Deafhood. The concept brings forth a new perspective on Sign Language People’s cultural productions in a synergy of Culture Studies, Deaf Studies, and Utopian Studies. The valuable methodological contribution from Culture Studies allows an innovative theoretical perspective in the critical analysis of Sign Language People’s cultural productions and their critique towards centuries of oppression. The paradigm shift from the medical - understanding Deaf people as incomplete and pathological beings - to the cultural - perceiving Deaf people as an ethnic linguistic and cultural minority, allows a cultural turn in Deaf Studies and its further incorporation in the Humanities, thus substantiating the pertinence of researching the history, the oppression and the utopias of Sign Language Peoples, suggesting for a better understanding the concept of Deaftopia. The analysis of utopian and dystopian manifestations of Sign Language Peoples result from a careful selection of narratives and discourses found in literature and visuature (sign language literature), such as novels and stories, poems and speeches, and non-literary texts as letters, and political manifestos by Deaf people. The discourses stem from diverse sources, from the existence of Deaf clusters, to Deaf artwork as films, to Deaf-led activist demonstrations, and even the associative and political efforts for sign language recognition. A complex stance of Deaftopia encompasses both a utopian future (which the Deaf dream is about) as well as the dystopian forewarnings from the threats that incite to the creation of counter narratives and discourses of resistance. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze rigorously the narratives and discourses of Sign Language Peoples and theorize Deaftopia, as a scientific concept and an expression of Deaf Culture. Additionally, this research intends to contribute to the preservation of Deaf Culture, signed languages, and Deaf epistemologies, thus being a tangible example of Deaf Gain.
Deaftopia conceptualizes dreams and projections for the future, as well as fears flourishing from Deaf imaginary and experience in the search of Deafhood. The concept brings forth a new perspective on Sign Language People’s cultural productions in a synergy of Culture Studies, Deaf Studies, and Utopian Studies. The valuable methodological contribution from Culture Studies allows an innovative theoretical perspective in the critical analysis of Sign Language People’s cultural productions and their critique towards centuries of oppression. The paradigm shift from the medical - understanding Deaf people as incomplete and pathological beings - to the cultural - perceiving Deaf people as an ethnic linguistic and cultural minority, allows a cultural turn in Deaf Studies and its further incorporation in the Humanities, thus substantiating the pertinence of researching the history, the oppression and the utopias of Sign Language Peoples, suggesting for a better understanding the concept of Deaftopia. The analysis of utopian and dystopian manifestations of Sign Language Peoples result from a careful selection of narratives and discourses found in literature and visuature (sign language literature), such as novels and stories, poems and speeches, and non-literary texts as letters, and political manifestos by Deaf people. The discourses stem from diverse sources, from the existence of Deaf clusters, to Deaf artwork as films, to Deaf-led activist demonstrations, and even the associative and political efforts for sign language recognition. A complex stance of Deaftopia encompasses both a utopian future (which the Deaf dream is about) as well as the dystopian forewarnings from the threats that incite to the creation of counter narratives and discourses of resistance. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze rigorously the narratives and discourses of Sign Language Peoples and theorize Deaftopia, as a scientific concept and an expression of Deaf Culture. Additionally, this research intends to contribute to the preservation of Deaf Culture, signed languages, and Deaf epistemologies, thus being a tangible example of Deaf Gain.