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Resumo(s)
Introdução: O envelhecimento pode ser responsável pelo aparecimento de doenças musculoarticulares com afetação da articulação temporomandibular (ATM). Com o avançar dos anos, a capacidade de remodelação adaptativa articular decresce gradualmente, potenciando a ocorrência de distúrbios temporomandibulares (DTM).
Objetivos: Caracterizar a condição articular de idosos institucionalizados em lares de Viseu, verificando a prevalência dos DTM e as principais manifestações que deterioram a sua qualidade de vida.
Material e Métodos: A amostra engloba 63 indivíduos geriátricos de ambos os géneros e com idades entre 60 e 99 anos. Aplicou-se o Questionário Anamnésico da Fonseca (QAF) bem como o Índice de Helkimo (IH) para uma pré-seleção dos idosos com sinais e/ou sintomas inerentes aos DTM e, seguidamente, nesses pacientes foi efetuado o Eixo I da classificação de diagnóstico, Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC-TMD).
Resultados: As principais queixas dos 63 idosos foram a presença de ansiedade (79,37%) e de dor de cabeça (52,38%), verificando-se relação significativa entre a presença desta dor e o diagnóstico articular do Eixo I. Segundo o QAF e o IH existe DTM em 42,86% e 44,44%, respetivamente e segundo o RDC/TMD, aplicado a 23 indivíduos, 8,7% apresentam diagnóstico de Grupo I, 21,7% de Grupo II e 17,4% e 26% de Grupo III na ATM direita e esquerda, respetivamente. Os principais sinais detetados com esta classificação foram a dor muscular à palpação (69,6%) e os ruídos articulares (56,5%), aferindo-se relação significativa entre a produção dos sons e o diagnóstico de grupo II e grupo III do Eixo I.
Conclusões: Dada a subvalorização dos sintomas orofaciais na população geriátrica, é fundamental a elaboração de mais investigações quanto à caracterização dos DTM nesta faixa etária para permitir planear estratégias no foro da saúde orofacial e potenciar avanços quanto à abordagem terapêutica destes indivíduos.
Introduction: Human aging may be responsible for the appearance of musculo-articular diseases affecting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Through the years, the articular remodeling capacity decreases gradually, potentiating the occurrence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Objectives: To characterize the articular condition of institutionalized elderly people in Viseu households, verifying the prevalence of TMD and the main manifestations that damage their quality of life. Material and Methods: The sample comprises 63 geriatric individuals of both genders, aged between 60 and 99 years. The Fonseca Anamnestic Questionnaire (QAF) and the Helkimo Index (IH) were applied for a pre-selection of the elderly with signs and/or symptoms of the TDM and, in these patients, Axis I of Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC-TMD) was performed. Results: The main complaints in the 63 elderly were the presence of anxiety (79,37%) and headache (52,38%) and there was a significant relationship between the presence of this pain and the articular diagnosis of Axis I. According to the QAF and the IH, there are TMD in 42,86% and 44,44%, respectively and according to the RDC/TMD, applied to 23 individuals, 8,7% presented a diagnosis of Group I, 21,7% of Group II and 17,4% and 26% of Group III in the right and left TMJ, respectively. The main signs detected with this classification were muscular pain at palpation (69,6%) and joint noise (56,5%) and a significant relationship was verified between the production of sounds and the diagnosis of group II and group III of Axis I. Conclusions: Given the undervaluation of orofacial symptoms in the geriatric population, it is fundamental the development of further investigations into the characterization of TMD in this age group to plan strategies in the field of orofacial health and to promote advances in the therapeutic approach of these individuals.
Introduction: Human aging may be responsible for the appearance of musculo-articular diseases affecting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Through the years, the articular remodeling capacity decreases gradually, potentiating the occurrence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Objectives: To characterize the articular condition of institutionalized elderly people in Viseu households, verifying the prevalence of TMD and the main manifestations that damage their quality of life. Material and Methods: The sample comprises 63 geriatric individuals of both genders, aged between 60 and 99 years. The Fonseca Anamnestic Questionnaire (QAF) and the Helkimo Index (IH) were applied for a pre-selection of the elderly with signs and/or symptoms of the TDM and, in these patients, Axis I of Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC-TMD) was performed. Results: The main complaints in the 63 elderly were the presence of anxiety (79,37%) and headache (52,38%) and there was a significant relationship between the presence of this pain and the articular diagnosis of Axis I. According to the QAF and the IH, there are TMD in 42,86% and 44,44%, respectively and according to the RDC/TMD, applied to 23 individuals, 8,7% presented a diagnosis of Group I, 21,7% of Group II and 17,4% and 26% of Group III in the right and left TMJ, respectively. The main signs detected with this classification were muscular pain at palpation (69,6%) and joint noise (56,5%) and a significant relationship was verified between the production of sounds and the diagnosis of group II and group III of Axis I. Conclusions: Given the undervaluation of orofacial symptoms in the geriatric population, it is fundamental the development of further investigations into the characterization of TMD in this age group to plan strategies in the field of orofacial health and to promote advances in the therapeutic approach of these individuals.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Articulação temporomandibular Distúrbios temporomandibulares Idosos Instituições Temporomandibular joint Temporomandibular disorders Elderly Institutionalized