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A leitura dos Poemas Homéricos tende a provocar nos leitores a impressão de que a mundividência arcaica conceberia a vida humana como uma permanente itinerância entre dois palcos fundamentais, o das guerras e o dos festins. Atribuindo a cada uma destas esferas distintos pesos, dado o seu peculiar contexto narrativo, cada uma das obras enquadra nestes dois espaços simbólicos a ação dos seus heróis: enquanto a Ilíada detalha como, em Tróia, joguetes do capricho dos deuses, e sobrevivendo com esforço às violentas investidas dos inimigos, os guerreiros buscam sobre “a terra alimentadora” alento na partilha de mantimentos, na Odisseia, depois de reconhecer a cartografia de Ítaca, Ulisses porá fi m ao severo roldas suas tribulações, encerrando com brutal carnificina, no seu próprio palácio, o criminoso festim dos pretendentes de Penélope. Nesta comunicação propomo-nos sobrevoar a riqueza expressiva da temática alimentar na poesia homérica, a partir de múltiplos dos seus ângulos de perspetivação. Partindo da básica abordagem linguística, sem descurar aspetos de natureza histórica, sociológica, e religiosa, procuraremos focalizar na nossa análise com particular atenção a dimensão simbólica, que parece espelhar poeticamente não só a mundividência antiga, consciente, mas também o fluxo inconsciente e perene do imaginário humano sobre o tema.
Reading both the Homeric Poems tends to cause in the reader the impression that the archaic worldview conceived human life as the constant traveling between two main stages, namely the war and the feasts stages. By assigning to each of these spheres ofnaction different weights, given the specificities of the corresponding narrative contexts, each book grounds in those two symbolic spaces their respective heroes’ actions: while in the Iliad it is detailed how, in Troy, as toys possessed by capricious gods, barely surviving the violentnonslaughts of their enemies, the warriors glean the nourishing land for liveliness in sharing food, in the Odyssey, after recognizing the cartography of Ithaca, Odysseus will put an end to the grim list of his pains, ending with brutal carnage the criminal feast of Penelope’s suitors, in his own palace. In this text we shall address the expressiveness of the food theme in Homeric poetry, from the multiplicity of angles the perspectivization therein offers. From a grounding linguistic approach, together with historical, sociological and religious aspects, we shall focus our analysis particularly on the symbolic dimension, which seems to poetically reflect both the archaic (conscious) worldview, but also the constant (inconscious) flow of human imagination on this topic.
Reading both the Homeric Poems tends to cause in the reader the impression that the archaic worldview conceived human life as the constant traveling between two main stages, namely the war and the feasts stages. By assigning to each of these spheres ofnaction different weights, given the specificities of the corresponding narrative contexts, each book grounds in those two symbolic spaces their respective heroes’ actions: while in the Iliad it is detailed how, in Troy, as toys possessed by capricious gods, barely surviving the violentnonslaughts of their enemies, the warriors glean the nourishing land for liveliness in sharing food, in the Odyssey, after recognizing the cartography of Ithaca, Odysseus will put an end to the grim list of his pains, ending with brutal carnage the criminal feast of Penelope’s suitors, in his own palace. In this text we shall address the expressiveness of the food theme in Homeric poetry, from the multiplicity of angles the perspectivization therein offers. From a grounding linguistic approach, together with historical, sociological and religious aspects, we shall focus our analysis particularly on the symbolic dimension, which seems to poetically reflect both the archaic (conscious) worldview, but also the constant (inconscious) flow of human imagination on this topic.
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Keywords
Literatura Grega Homero Ilíada Odisseia Formularidade Alimentação Imaginário Memória Greek Literature Homer Iliad Odyssey Formularity Nourishment Imagination Memory