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Abstract(s)
Este estudo tem como arco cronológico o ano de 1965, data em que se concluiu o II Concílio
Vaticano, acontecimento marcante de expressão da vontade renovadora da Igreja Católica, mas
também um referencial simbólico de processos de aggiornamento que atravessaram diversas
sociedades, com dinâmicas de entusiasmante esperança e de compromissos pluriformes quanto
à criação de uma sociedade diferente. A outra extremidade do arco temporal é 1976, quando,
depois da Revolução de Abril, em Portugal, se confirma e projeta na história a construção de
um modelo democrático, através da aprovação da Constituição da República Portuguesa, a 2 de
abril de 1976.
No Estado Novo, diversos setores da sociedade portuguesa mobilizaram-se, não só para o
derrube do regime de Salazar e Caetano, mas também pela imaginação de uma sociedade alternativa, radicalmente distinta nas suas formas de organização, produção e desenvolvimento, tendo
como horizonte futuro o socialismo. Naquele âmbito, na pesquisa historiográfica colocaremos
o enfoque no papel dos movimentos sociais, no que ambicionavam de transformação da sociedade, nos seus ideais e obstaculizações, no modo como fluíram e aconteceram através da ação
direta, numa intervenção coletiva, na procura de sentido, questionando as estruturas e propondo
mudanças, desencadeando alterações nas formas de organização da sociedade.
De entre os movimentos sociais, priorizámos a investigação sobre o movimento da paz, o
movimento operário e sindical e o movimento em defesa dos presos políticos, e neles identificámos desencontros entre o PCP, os católicos e a igreja, como também confluências e registos
de articulações entre comunistas e católicos. No cerzir dessas convergências nos movimentos
sociais também esteve em incubação o 25 de Abril.
Nestas trajetórias far-se-á a contextualização da pluralidade das experiências dos «católicos
da revolução», aqueles católicos que motivados por uma ideia de «revolução», pelo sentido
escatológico inerente ao marxismo ou impelidos pelo dever de inadiável agir transformador da
história, pela edificação da justiça, decidiram fazer uma opção revolucionária
This study takes as its chronological arc the year 1965, the date on which the Second Vatican Council concluded itself. This was a remarkable milestone that expressed the renewed will of the Catholic Church, but also a symbolic reference of aggiornamento processes that crossed different societies, with dynamics of exciting hope and multi-faceted commitments to the creation of a different society. The other end of this temporal arc is 1976, when, after the April Revolution, in Portugal, the construction of a democratic model is confirmed and projected in history, after the approval of the Constitution of the Portuguese Republic, on April 2, 1976. In the Estado Novo, various sectors of Portuguese society mobilized, not only to overthrow the Salazar and Caetano regime but also through the imagination of an alternative society, radically different in its forms of organization, production, and development, with future horizons regarding socialism. In that context, in historiographical research, we will focus on the role of social movements, on what they aspired to transform society, on their ideals and obstacles, on the way they flowed and happened through direct action, in a collective intervention, in the search for meaning, questioning structures and proposing changes, triggering changes in the forms of organization of society. Among the social movements, we prioritized research on the peace movement, the labor and trade union movement, the movement in defense of political prisoners. In them, we identified disagreements between the Portuguese Communist Party, the Catholics, and the Church, as well as confluences and records of articulations between communists and Catholics. Amid these convergences on these social movements, the «25th of April» was also incubated. In these trajectories, the plurality of experiences of the «revolutionary Catholics» will be contextualized. Those Catholics who were motivated by an idea of «revolution» by the eschatological sense inherent to Marxism or impelled by the duty of unavoidable action to transform history, due to their edification of justice, decided to make a revolutionary option.
This study takes as its chronological arc the year 1965, the date on which the Second Vatican Council concluded itself. This was a remarkable milestone that expressed the renewed will of the Catholic Church, but also a symbolic reference of aggiornamento processes that crossed different societies, with dynamics of exciting hope and multi-faceted commitments to the creation of a different society. The other end of this temporal arc is 1976, when, after the April Revolution, in Portugal, the construction of a democratic model is confirmed and projected in history, after the approval of the Constitution of the Portuguese Republic, on April 2, 1976. In the Estado Novo, various sectors of Portuguese society mobilized, not only to overthrow the Salazar and Caetano regime but also through the imagination of an alternative society, radically different in its forms of organization, production, and development, with future horizons regarding socialism. In that context, in historiographical research, we will focus on the role of social movements, on what they aspired to transform society, on their ideals and obstacles, on the way they flowed and happened through direct action, in a collective intervention, in the search for meaning, questioning structures and proposing changes, triggering changes in the forms of organization of society. Among the social movements, we prioritized research on the peace movement, the labor and trade union movement, the movement in defense of political prisoners. In them, we identified disagreements between the Portuguese Communist Party, the Catholics, and the Church, as well as confluences and records of articulations between communists and Catholics. Amid these convergences on these social movements, the «25th of April» was also incubated. In these trajectories, the plurality of experiences of the «revolutionary Catholics» will be contextualized. Those Catholics who were motivated by an idea of «revolution» by the eschatological sense inherent to Marxism or impelled by the duty of unavoidable action to transform history, due to their edification of justice, decided to make a revolutionary option.
Description
Keywords
Católicos da revolução Portugal Igreja Católica Partido Comunista Português (PCP) Católicos Movimentos sociais Revolutionary catholics Catholic Church Portuguese Communist Party (PCP) Catholics Social movements