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A liberdade de circulação de trabalhadores representa uma das pedras basilares do ordenamento jurídico da União Europeia. No entanto, para que o movimento de trabalhadores aconteça, é necessário garantir a portabilidade dos direitos sociais já adquiridos ou em curso de aquisição. É neste ponto que se torna clara a preponderância do mecanismo de coordenação dos sistemas de segurança social dos Estados Membros da União Europeia. Não obstante, para além de percebermos a eficácia e flexibilidade deste mecanismo a nível europeu e os princípios que pautam o principal instrumento legislativo dedicado à matéria (Reg. n.º 883/2004), tornar-se-á relevante o estudo da interação deste instituto com os países externos à União. As soluções atuais, que permitem fazer a ponte entre o mecanismo europeu e os países terceiros, apresentam algumas fragilidades e limitações, desde logo, e num estágio inicial, a querela em torno da base legal para a adoção destas medidas a nível europeu, enfraquece a viabilidade de uma abordagem uniforme centrada nas instituições europeias. Com recurso a elementos doutrinais e jurisprudenciais, estudaremos as virtudes e lacunas das respostas atualmente em vigor, mas também das propostas apresentadas pela doutrina.
Freedom of movement for workers is one of the cornerstones of the European Union's legal system. However, for the movement of workers to take place it is necessary to guarantee the portability of social rights already acquired or in the process of being acquired. This is where the preponderance of the mechanism for coordinating the social security systems of the Member States of the European Union becomes clear. Nevertheless, in addition to understanding the effectiveness and flexibility of this mechanism at European level and the principles underlying the main legislative instrument dedicated to the matter (Reg. No. 883/2004), it will become relevant to study the interaction of this institute with countries outside the Union. The current solutions, which allow bridging the gap between the European mechanism and third countries, have some weaknesses and limitations, from the very start, and at an early stage, the controversy over the legal basis for the adoption of these measures at European level weakens the feasibility of a uniform approach focused on the European institutions. Resorting to doctrinal and case-law elements, we will study the virtues and gaps in the responses currently in force, but also in the proposals presented by the academic doctrine.
Freedom of movement for workers is one of the cornerstones of the European Union's legal system. However, for the movement of workers to take place it is necessary to guarantee the portability of social rights already acquired or in the process of being acquired. This is where the preponderance of the mechanism for coordinating the social security systems of the Member States of the European Union becomes clear. Nevertheless, in addition to understanding the effectiveness and flexibility of this mechanism at European level and the principles underlying the main legislative instrument dedicated to the matter (Reg. No. 883/2004), it will become relevant to study the interaction of this institute with countries outside the Union. The current solutions, which allow bridging the gap between the European mechanism and third countries, have some weaknesses and limitations, from the very start, and at an early stage, the controversy over the legal basis for the adoption of these measures at European level weakens the feasibility of a uniform approach focused on the European institutions. Resorting to doctrinal and case-law elements, we will study the virtues and gaps in the responses currently in force, but also in the proposals presented by the academic doctrine.
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Keywords
Trabalhadores Regulamento n.º 883/2004 Regulamento n.º 1231/2010 Dimensão externa Migrações Workers Regulation No. 883/2004 Regulation no. 1231/2010 External dimension Migrations