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Introdução/enquadramento/objetivos: A Capacidade de Trabalho poderá ser definida na medida em que um funcionário consegue no presente, e eventualmente no futuro, executar as suas tarefas, em função do seu estado de saúde e das capacidades física e mental. As empresas serão mais competitivas se possuírem trabalhadores mais saudáveis. Quanto melhor se conhecerem as variáveis intervenientes na Capacidade de Trabalho, melhor será gerida a Saúde Ocupacional. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma Revisão Bibliográfica, iniciada através de uma pesquisa realizada em agosto de 2021 nas bases dedados “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane CentralRegister of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing andAllied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina e RCAAP”. Conteúdo: Funcionários com Excesso de Peso ou Obesidade, em média, ausentam-se do trabalho mais dias por ano. Absentismos mais prolongados associam-se a maior taxa de Desemprego, em função das patologias inerentes (músculo-esqueléticas, cardio vasculares e emocionais). Contudo, deve-se realçar que as normas variam entre países e sistemas, pelo que quando a ausência ao trabalho por doença não é remunerada, esta tende a ser mais breve do que quando é, sobretudo se a 100%. Em trabalhadoras com mais idade, a Obesidade duplica o risco de perda de emprego. As alterações na Capacidade de Trabalho poderão ser justificadas pela menor aptidão cardiovascular, pior resposta às exigências físicas e devido às comorbilidades associadas. Esta pode ser mais prevalente nos estratos socioeconómicos mais baixos e, nestes, também costuma ser mais frequente o trabalho físico, pior remunerado e com menos apoio à ausência por incapacidade. A Obesidade e uma elevada Carga de trabalho associam-se a menor Capacidade de Trabalho, eventualmente de formas enérgica, através de questões músculo-esqueléticas, cardiovasculares e/ou alterações na função/sintomas pulmonares, na medida em que aumenta a pressão intra-abdominal. Ou seja, indivíduos com Índice de Massa Corporal superior a 30apresentam sintomas respiratórios com seis vezes maior probabilidade. Discussão e Conclusões Ainda que a bibliografia sobre o tema não seja abundante, parte da que se encontrou é razoavelmente consensual relativa à interação negativa entre o Excesso de Peso/Obesidade e a Capacidade de Trabalho; logo, qualquer medida que beneficie a primeira situação, também o fará para a segunda, com realce para o Exercício e a restrição calórica. Contudo, o assunto por vezes não é devidamente valorizado pelos trabalhadores ou uma parte destes nem sequer está recetiva a abordar o assunto, ficando até agressiva quando um profissional de saúde tenta fazer esse trajeto.
Introduction/framework/objectives: Work Capacity can be defined as the extent to which an employee is able, in the present, and possibly in the future, to perform their tasks, depending on their state of health and physical and mental capacities. Companies will be more competitive if they have healthier workers. The better the variables involved in Work Capacity are known, easier the Occupational Health will be managed. Methodology: This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in August 2021 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Contents: Overweight or Obese employees, on average, are absent from work more days per year. Obesity is associated with longer absenteeism and these, in turn, have a higher unemployment rate, due to the associated pathologies (musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and emotional). However, it should be noted that norms vary between countries and systems, so when absence from work due to illness is unpaid, it tends to be shorter than when it is, especially if at 100%. In older workers, Obesity doubles the risk of losing a job. Changes in Work Capacity may be justified by lower cardiovascular fitness, less response to physical demands and due to the comorbidities. This may be more prevalent in the lower socioeconomic strata and, in these, physical work is also more frequent, with less pay and less support for absence due to disability. Obesity and a high workload are associated with worse Work Capacity, possibly synergistically, through musculoskeletal and cardiovascular issues and/or changes in pulmonary function/symptoms, as intra-abdominal pressure increases. That is, individuals with a Body Mass Index greater than 30 have respiratory symptoms six times more likely. Discussion and Conclusions: Although the bibliography on the subject is not abundant, there is reasonably consensual regarding the negative interaction between Excess Weight/Obesity and the Ability to Work; therefore, any measure that benefits the first situation will also benefit the second, with emphasis on Exercise and caloric restriction. However, the subject is sometimes not properly valued by workers or a part of them is not even receptive to approaching the subject, even becoming aggressive when a health professional tries to take this path.
Introduction/framework/objectives: Work Capacity can be defined as the extent to which an employee is able, in the present, and possibly in the future, to perform their tasks, depending on their state of health and physical and mental capacities. Companies will be more competitive if they have healthier workers. The better the variables involved in Work Capacity are known, easier the Occupational Health will be managed. Methodology: This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in August 2021 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Contents: Overweight or Obese employees, on average, are absent from work more days per year. Obesity is associated with longer absenteeism and these, in turn, have a higher unemployment rate, due to the associated pathologies (musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and emotional). However, it should be noted that norms vary between countries and systems, so when absence from work due to illness is unpaid, it tends to be shorter than when it is, especially if at 100%. In older workers, Obesity doubles the risk of losing a job. Changes in Work Capacity may be justified by lower cardiovascular fitness, less response to physical demands and due to the comorbidities. This may be more prevalent in the lower socioeconomic strata and, in these, physical work is also more frequent, with less pay and less support for absence due to disability. Obesity and a high workload are associated with worse Work Capacity, possibly synergistically, through musculoskeletal and cardiovascular issues and/or changes in pulmonary function/symptoms, as intra-abdominal pressure increases. That is, individuals with a Body Mass Index greater than 30 have respiratory symptoms six times more likely. Discussion and Conclusions: Although the bibliography on the subject is not abundant, there is reasonably consensual regarding the negative interaction between Excess Weight/Obesity and the Ability to Work; therefore, any measure that benefits the first situation will also benefit the second, with emphasis on Exercise and caloric restriction. However, the subject is sometimes not properly valued by workers or a part of them is not even receptive to approaching the subject, even becoming aggressive when a health professional tries to take this path.
Description
Keywords
Obesidade Excesso de peso Capacidade de trabalho Saúde ocupacional e medicina do trabalho Obesity Overweight Work capacity Occupational health and occupational medicine