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Promoção da esperança da criança com doença crónica e família
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A Enfermagem Pediátrica constitui-se nos dias de hoje como um grande desafio no âmbito dos cuidados de saúde; nomeadamente quando se trata de uma criança que vivencia uma doença crónica. Segundo a Direção Geral de Saúde (2018) as doenças crónicas englobam uma grande percentagem do total das doenças do nosso país, quer na infância quer na adolescência. O quotidiano familiar desta criança e da sua família é seguramente modificado em função das exigências recorrentes da condição crónica, levando muitas vezes a situações de crise, onde a família, enquanto principal cuidador informal experiência um desgaste físico e mental, isolamento social e desespero; o que leva à necessidade de cuidados especializados, nomeadamente no âmbito afetivo e relacional. Desta forma o cliente pediátrico e sua família carecem de uma atenção privilegiada por parte do enfermeiro, sendo que a intervenção do enfermeiro deverá estar direcionada para cada variável que afeta as respostas no processo saúde-doença; sendo fundamental promover o alívio do sofrimento e constituir-se assim, como promotor de esperança. Dito isto, a Enfermagem de Saúde da Criança e do Jovem tem se deparado com o aumento da esperança média de vida, da morbilidade, da doença crónica e do número de crianças com deficiência ou risco de atraso do desenvolvimento (OE, 2011), reconhecendo-se desta forma, a complexidade dos cuidados à criança com doença crónica, às necessidades da família, e a importância da esperança nos cuidados de enfermagem; desta forma definiu-se enquanto objetivo central deste percurso de formação profissional e académica: desenvolver competências de Enfermeira Especialista de Saúde Infantil e Pediátrica (EESIP) no âmbito da Promoção de esperança da criança com doença crónica e família. Para sustentar este relatório foi utilizado como referencial teórico Jean Watson com a Teoria do Cuidado Transpessoal; e o Modelo de Intervenção em Ajuda Mútua Promotor de Esperança (MIAMPE) de Charepe (2011); complementando com uma scoping review elaborada durante este processo académico. Durante este percurso, foram realizados estágios em três contextos diferentes, que posteriormente foram analisados e refletidos de forma crítica e de acordo com objetivos e atividades delineados previamente, como a realização de questionário aos enfermeiros e respetiva sensibilização para a temática, através da formação em serviço; o que me proporcionou o desenvolvimento de um conjunto de competências do perfil de EESIP proposto para este trajeto académico.
Pediatric Nursing is nowadays a major challenge in health care; particularly when it comes to a child experiencing a chronic illness. According to the General Directorate of Health (2018), chronic diseases comprise a large percentage of the total illnesses in our country, whether in childhood or adolescence. The family life of this child and their family is certainly modified as a consequence of the constant requirements of the chronic condition, often leading to familiar crisis where the family itself, as the main informal caregiver, experience physical and mental burnout, social isolation and despair; which leads to the need for specialized care, particularly in the affective and relational scope. Thus, the paediatric client and their family need privileged attention and care from the nurse, being that their intervention must be directed to each variable which affect the health-sickness process’s responses; it’s also essential for the nurse to promote suffering relief, becoming, this way, a hope promoter. This being said, Child and Youth Health Nursing has been facing great challenges regarding the increase of average life expectancy, morbidity, chronic illnesses and number of children with some disability or with a developmental delay (OE, 2011), therefore recognizing the complexity of chronically ill children’s care, the families’ needs and the importance of Hope in nursing care; thus it was defined as the main purpose of this professional and academic path: the development of skills of Specialist Nurse in Child and Pediatric Health (SNCPH) in the scope of The Promotion of hope for Children with Chronic Illness and their Family. To sustain this report it was used as a theoretical reference Jean Watson’s Theory of Transpersonal Caring and Zaida Charepe’s Model for Intervention in Mutual Help-Promoter of Hope – MIAMPE (2011); complementing with a scoping review elaborated during this academic process. During this journey, internships were conducted in three different contexts, which were later thoroughly analysed according to the goals and activities previously outlined, such as the completion of a questionnaire for nurses and their awareness of the theme through in-service training; this provided me the development of a set of skills in the profile of Specialist Nurse in Child and Youth’s Health Nursing, proposed for this academic pathway.
Pediatric Nursing is nowadays a major challenge in health care; particularly when it comes to a child experiencing a chronic illness. According to the General Directorate of Health (2018), chronic diseases comprise a large percentage of the total illnesses in our country, whether in childhood or adolescence. The family life of this child and their family is certainly modified as a consequence of the constant requirements of the chronic condition, often leading to familiar crisis where the family itself, as the main informal caregiver, experience physical and mental burnout, social isolation and despair; which leads to the need for specialized care, particularly in the affective and relational scope. Thus, the paediatric client and their family need privileged attention and care from the nurse, being that their intervention must be directed to each variable which affect the health-sickness process’s responses; it’s also essential for the nurse to promote suffering relief, becoming, this way, a hope promoter. This being said, Child and Youth Health Nursing has been facing great challenges regarding the increase of average life expectancy, morbidity, chronic illnesses and number of children with some disability or with a developmental delay (OE, 2011), therefore recognizing the complexity of chronically ill children’s care, the families’ needs and the importance of Hope in nursing care; thus it was defined as the main purpose of this professional and academic path: the development of skills of Specialist Nurse in Child and Pediatric Health (SNCPH) in the scope of The Promotion of hope for Children with Chronic Illness and their Family. To sustain this report it was used as a theoretical reference Jean Watson’s Theory of Transpersonal Caring and Zaida Charepe’s Model for Intervention in Mutual Help-Promoter of Hope – MIAMPE (2011); complementing with a scoping review elaborated during this academic process. During this journey, internships were conducted in three different contexts, which were later thoroughly analysed according to the goals and activities previously outlined, such as the completion of a questionnaire for nurses and their awareness of the theme through in-service training; this provided me the development of a set of skills in the profile of Specialist Nurse in Child and Youth’s Health Nursing, proposed for this academic pathway.
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Enfermagem pediátrica Família Criança com doença crónica Esperança Pedriatic nursing Family Child with chronic disease Hope