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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A prestação de cuidados a pessoas com demência, pelo elevado grau de
exigência, aumenta a probabilidade de perceção de sobrecarga elevada e,
consequentemente, de sintomatologia depressiva e ansiosa, aumentando o risco de
morbilidade física e mental no cuidador e afetando também o seu desempenho na
prestação de cuidados. É, por isso, uma população que deve merecer especial atenção dos
serviços de saúde. A literatura aponta para a necessidade de intervenção com cuidadores
principalmente ao nível da informação, da gestão de sintomatologia psicológica e
comportamental da demência, de estratégias de coping, do apoio emocional e da
promoção do autocuidado. Várias intervenções com cuidadores familiares de pessoas
com demência têm sido desenvolvidas, mas a sua eficácia carece de validação robusta.
Para além disso, na maioria das intervenções não são considerados os contributos dos
cuidadores para a definição dos programas, negligenciando assim a sua vivência e
ignorando uma fonte fundamental de informação.
Metodologia: Realizaram-se entrevistas individuais semi-estruturadas aos cuidadores
familiares de pessoas com demência, para a recolha de necessidades de intervenção.
Avaliou-se o estado cognitivo (MoCA), a perceção de sobrecarga (ESC) e a presença de
psicopatologia (SCL-90 R) em cuidadores de pessoas com demência.
Resultados: Um total de 12 pessoas, 7 homens e 5 mulheres, participaram neste estudo.
Foram identificadas necessidades de educação para a saúde concretamente acerca de
sinais, sintomas e recursos na comunidade, competências de gestão de sintomas
psicológicos e comportamentais, gestão emocional e promoção de autocuidado.
Salientam-se lacunas no acesso a cuidados especializados. Verificou-se a presença de
níveis significativos de sobrecarga percebida (M=24,5, dp=10,32), ausência de
sintomatologia depressiva e ansiosa e um desempenho cognitivo médio de 23,25 pontos
(dp=3,47).
Conclusões: Este estudo contribuiu para o conhecimento de necessidades de intervenção.
Apontou para a importância de fatores protetores, nomeadamente o recurso a apoios,
características do cuidador, as estratégias de coping, características do recetor de
cuidados, concretamente uma postura colaborativa, e relação prévia entre o cuidador e o
recetor de cuidados.
Introduction: Providing care to people with dementia, due to the high demand, increases the likelihood of being self-perceived as high overload. Providing this type of care is also related to depressive and anxious symptoms, increasing the risk of physical and mental illness in the caregiver and affecting their performance in delivering care. This is, therefore, a population that deserves special focus from health services. The literature points to various needs for intervention within caregivers, especially in literacy areas such as the management of psychological and behavioral symptoms of dementia, coping strategies, emotional support and the promotion of self-care. Several interventions with family caregivers of people with dementia have been developed, but their effectiveness needs validation. Besides that, in the majority of the programs, inputs from the caregivers are not taken into consideration, neglecting their valuable experience. Methodology: Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with caregivers to understand needs for intervention The cognitive status (MoCA), the perception of overload (ESC) and the presence of psychopathology (SCL-90 R) in caregivers of people with dementia were evaluated. Results: A total of 12 people (7 men and 5 women) participated in this study. Health information needs were identified concerning signs, symptoms and community resources, psychological and behavioral symptom management skills, emotional management skills and self-care promotion. Gaps in specialized care were also highlighted. Significant levels of perceived overload were found (m= 24.5, sd = 10.32), absence of depressive and anxious symptoms, and an average cognitive performance of 23.25 points (sd = 3.47). Conclusions: This study contributed to the knowledge of intervention needs. The study also highlighted the importance of protective factors, namely support utilization, caregiver characteristics, namely coping strategies, patient characteristics, specifically a collaborative posture, and prior relationship between caregiver and caregiver
Introduction: Providing care to people with dementia, due to the high demand, increases the likelihood of being self-perceived as high overload. Providing this type of care is also related to depressive and anxious symptoms, increasing the risk of physical and mental illness in the caregiver and affecting their performance in delivering care. This is, therefore, a population that deserves special focus from health services. The literature points to various needs for intervention within caregivers, especially in literacy areas such as the management of psychological and behavioral symptoms of dementia, coping strategies, emotional support and the promotion of self-care. Several interventions with family caregivers of people with dementia have been developed, but their effectiveness needs validation. Besides that, in the majority of the programs, inputs from the caregivers are not taken into consideration, neglecting their valuable experience. Methodology: Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with caregivers to understand needs for intervention The cognitive status (MoCA), the perception of overload (ESC) and the presence of psychopathology (SCL-90 R) in caregivers of people with dementia were evaluated. Results: A total of 12 people (7 men and 5 women) participated in this study. Health information needs were identified concerning signs, symptoms and community resources, psychological and behavioral symptom management skills, emotional management skills and self-care promotion. Gaps in specialized care were also highlighted. Significant levels of perceived overload were found (m= 24.5, sd = 10.32), absence of depressive and anxious symptoms, and an average cognitive performance of 23.25 points (sd = 3.47). Conclusions: This study contributed to the knowledge of intervention needs. The study also highlighted the importance of protective factors, namely support utilization, caregiver characteristics, namely coping strategies, patient characteristics, specifically a collaborative posture, and prior relationship between caregiver and caregiver
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Keywords
Cuidador Demência Avaliação de necessidades Caregivers Dementia Needs assessment Stress Psychological