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Este estudo centra-se no conceito de empatia afetiva, tendo por objetivo analisar o modo como a capacidade de identificar estados emocionais no outro se relaciona com padrões de responsividade psicofisiológica, nomeadamente a frequência cardíaca. Foram realizadas duas tarefas, num paradigma experimental de indução emocional, tendo em consideração duas condições: o “foco no self” e o “foco no outro”. Após a visualização de imagens ativadoras, tanto de carater positivo como negativo, os 36 participantes, 27 do sexo feminino e 9 do sexo masculino, classificaram-nas através do autorrelato da intensidade da ativação (SAM), sendo simultaneamente registada a sua frequência cardíaca. A análise dos dados revelou que os participantes do sexo feminino avaliam como mais intenso o estado emocional do outro (condição experimental “foco no outro”), comparativamente com os participantes do sexo masculino. Relativamente ao autorrelato, obtivemos resultados estatisticamente significativos na diferenciação entre as duas condições experimentais, entre a categoria de imagens (i.e., positivas e negativas) e entre a condição experimental “foco no self” e as duas categorias de imagens. Em relação à frequência cardíaca, encontrámos diferenças significativas na visualização de imagens negativas tendo em consideração a condição “foco no self” e a condição “foco no outro”.
This study focuses on the concept of affective empathy, aiming to analyze how the ability to identify emotional states in the other is related to patterns of psychophysiological responsiveness, namely heart rate. Two tasks were performed in an experimental paradigm of emotional induction, considering two conditions: the "focus on the self" and the "focus on the other". After visualization of activating images, both positive and negative, the 36 participants, 27 female and 9 males, classified them by self-report of the intensity of the activation (SAM), while simultaneously recording the cardiac activity. In the gender differentiation at the level of self-report, female participants assessed that the emotional state of the other (experimental condition "focus on the other") was more intense compared to male participants. Regarding self-report, we obtained statistically significant results in the differentiation between the two experimental conditions, between the category of images (i.e., positive and negative) and between the experimental condition "focus on the self" and the two categories of images. In relation to the heart rate, we verified significant differences at the level of the same, in the visualization of negative images considering the condition "focus on the self" and the condition "focus on the other".
This study focuses on the concept of affective empathy, aiming to analyze how the ability to identify emotional states in the other is related to patterns of psychophysiological responsiveness, namely heart rate. Two tasks were performed in an experimental paradigm of emotional induction, considering two conditions: the "focus on the self" and the "focus on the other". After visualization of activating images, both positive and negative, the 36 participants, 27 female and 9 males, classified them by self-report of the intensity of the activation (SAM), while simultaneously recording the cardiac activity. In the gender differentiation at the level of self-report, female participants assessed that the emotional state of the other (experimental condition "focus on the other") was more intense compared to male participants. Regarding self-report, we obtained statistically significant results in the differentiation between the two experimental conditions, between the category of images (i.e., positive and negative) and between the experimental condition "focus on the self" and the two categories of images. In relation to the heart rate, we verified significant differences at the level of the same, in the visualization of negative images considering the condition "focus on the self" and the condition "focus on the other".
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Empatia afetiva Foco no self Foco no outro Frequência cardíaca Autorrelato da intensidade da ativação Affective empathy Focus on the self Focus on the other Heart rate Self-report of activation intensity