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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A expressão das necessidades espirituais nas pessoas em Cuidados Paliativos (CP) é essencial para a qualidade de vida e construção de um legado. A alteração da comunicação pode ser frequente na fase final de vida e este estudo é importante por dar voz a todos aqueles que se encontram em vulnerabilidade comunicativa. Objetivo: Explorar, do ponto de vista das pessoas com alteração comunicativa em CP, as perceções sobre suas necessidades espirituais. Objetivos específicos: Caracterizar as necessidades espirituais das pessoas com alteração da comunicação em CP; Identificar os meios comunicacionais e as linguagens usadas pelas pessoas com alteração da fala em CP na expressão das suas necessidades; Identificar a forma como essas necessidades podem ser satisfeitas. Metodologia: Estudo qualitativo suportado na metodologia da Grounded Theory. Participaram adultos em CP, cognitivamente capazes e com alteração comunicativa. A recolha de dados foi efetuada por entrevista vídeo-gravada, observação, questionário e diário de campo. Os instrumentos de recolha incluíram dados sociodemográficos e clínicos, o questionário GES-SECPAL e um guião de entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados cumprindo os pressupostos da Grounded Theory. Resultados: Participaram seis indivíduos, entre 56 e 91 anos, com doenças neurodegenerativas e oncológicas, enfrentando a condição por um período entre 1 e 11 anos. As necessidades espirituais foram categorizadas em dimensões intra, inter e transpessoal. Os participantes utilizaram dispositivos de baixa tecnologia e recorreram à linguagem não verbal para enriquecer a comunicação verbal limitada. O respeito ao tempo de resposta foi crucial para a expressão das necessidades espirituais. Discussão e Conclusão: Este estudo contribui significativamente para compreender como as pessoas em CP, especialmente aquelas com alterações comunicativas, expressam e vivenciam suas necessidades espirituais. Ele enfatiza a importância de proporcionar tempo e espaço para essa expressão, promovendo assim uma experiência mais digna e satisfatória no final da vida.
Introduction: The expression of spiritual needs in individuals receiving Palliative Care (PC) is essential for quality of life and the construction of a legacy. Communicative impairment can be common in the final phase of life, and this study is important for giving voice to all those who find themselves in communicative vulnerability. Objective: To explore, from the perspective of individuals with communicative impairment in PC, their perceptions regarding their spiritual needs. Specific objectives: Characterize the spiritual needs of individuals with communicative impairment in PC; Identify the communicative styles and languages used by individuals with communicative impairment in PC to express their needs; Identify how these needs can be fulfilled. Methodology: The study was based on a qualitative methodology, according to the “Grounded Theory” approach. The study participants were adults, cognitively capable, with communicative impairment. Data collection was carried out through video- recorded interviews, observation, questionnaires, and field diaries. Data collection instruments included sociodemographic and clinical information, the GES-SECPAL questionnaire, and a semi-structured interview script. Data were analyzed following the assumptions of Grounded Theory. Results: Six individuals participated, aged between 56 and 91, with neurodegenerative and oncological diseases, facing the condition for a period ranging from 1 to 11 years. Spiritual needs were categorized into intra, inter, and transpersonal dimensions. Participants used low-tech devices and relied on non-verbal language to enrich their limited verbal communication. Respecting response time was crucial for the expression of spiritual needs. Discussion and Conclusion: This study significantly contributes to understanding how individuals in PC, especially those with communicative alterations, express and experience their spiritual needs. It emphasizes the importance of providing time and space for this expression, thereby promoting a more dignified and satisfactory experience at the end of life.
Introduction: The expression of spiritual needs in individuals receiving Palliative Care (PC) is essential for quality of life and the construction of a legacy. Communicative impairment can be common in the final phase of life, and this study is important for giving voice to all those who find themselves in communicative vulnerability. Objective: To explore, from the perspective of individuals with communicative impairment in PC, their perceptions regarding their spiritual needs. Specific objectives: Characterize the spiritual needs of individuals with communicative impairment in PC; Identify the communicative styles and languages used by individuals with communicative impairment in PC to express their needs; Identify how these needs can be fulfilled. Methodology: The study was based on a qualitative methodology, according to the “Grounded Theory” approach. The study participants were adults, cognitively capable, with communicative impairment. Data collection was carried out through video- recorded interviews, observation, questionnaires, and field diaries. Data collection instruments included sociodemographic and clinical information, the GES-SECPAL questionnaire, and a semi-structured interview script. Data were analyzed following the assumptions of Grounded Theory. Results: Six individuals participated, aged between 56 and 91, with neurodegenerative and oncological diseases, facing the condition for a period ranging from 1 to 11 years. Spiritual needs were categorized into intra, inter, and transpersonal dimensions. Participants used low-tech devices and relied on non-verbal language to enrich their limited verbal communication. Respecting response time was crucial for the expression of spiritual needs. Discussion and Conclusion: This study significantly contributes to understanding how individuals in PC, especially those with communicative alterations, express and experience their spiritual needs. It emphasizes the importance of providing time and space for this expression, thereby promoting a more dignified and satisfactory experience at the end of life.
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Keywords
Espiritualidade Necessidades espirituais Cuidados paliativos Alteração comunicativa Spirituality Spiritual needs Palliative care Communicative impairment