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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Apesar de na sociedade atual, existir maior conhecimento da importância e
benefícios da prática regular de exercício físico, nem sempre essa prática adquire a
desejável regularidade, algo fundamental para a manutenção da saúde.
Partindo deste problema, o presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar os
preditores da manutenção da prática de exercício físico em contexto de ginásio, tais como
as regulações motivacionais, a perceção de exigências colocadas por esta prática, bem
como o efeito moderador da perceção dos recursos na relação entre perceção de
exigências e manutenção. O estudo de caráter longitudinal, decorreu em dois momentos,
entre 3 e 25 de Março de 2020 correspondendo ao início da pandemia por COVID-19 em
Portugal (T1) e entre 10 e 27 de Abril de 2020 ao período de confinamento domiciliário
(T2). Foi conduzido um inquérito com base em questionários disponibilizados na
plataforma online Qualtrics, explorando alterações na manutenção comportamental em
co-ocorrência com alterações do contexto, não inicialmente previstas nos objetivos do
estudo. Participaram 90 praticantes de exercício físico em ginásio em T1 e 42 em T2.
Os indicadores psicométricos da Escala de Perceção de Exigências e de Recursos
adaptada revelaram-se adequados. Houve uma maior perceção de recursos do que
exigências em relação à prática de exercício físico em contexto de ginásio, conducente a
uma perceção da situação enquanto desafio. A motivação controlada revelou ser um
preditor positivo, e a perceção de exigências e recursos como preditores negativos da
manutenção da prática de exercício físico. Contudo, o papel de moderador da perceção
de recursos na relação entre a perceção de exigências e a manutenção foi refutado.
Os resultados encontrados sugerem fatores potenciais para a manutenção da
prática de exercício físico em ginásio ao utilizar uma abordagem biopsicossocial focada
na potenciação de recursos, ainda não aplicada neste contexto específico.
Although in today's society there is greater knowledge of regular physical exercise’s importance and benefits, this practice does not always acquire the desirable regularity, which is fundamental for maintaining health. Grounded on this problem, the present study aimed to analyze predictors of physical exercise maintenance in a gym context, such as motivational regulations, the perception of demands placed by this practice, as well as the moderating effect of perceived resources in the relationship between perceived demands and maintenance. A longitudinal study took place in two moments, between March 3-25, 2020 corresponding to the beginning of the pandemic by COVID-19 in Portugal (T1) and between April 10- 27, 2020 corresponding to the household confinement period (T2). A survey based on questionnaires made available through the Qualtrics online platform, to explore changes in behavioral maintenance in co-occurrence with changes in the context, not initially considered in the study’s objectives. 90 practitioners of physical exercise in a gym participated in T1 and 42 in T2. The psychometric indicators of the Perceived Demands and Resources Scale proved was found to be adequate. There was a higher perception of resources than demands, in relation to the practice of physical exercise in a gym context, representing an evaluation of the situation as a challenge. Controlled motivation proved to be a positive predictor, and the perception of demands and resources as negative predictors of physical exercise maintenance. However, the moderator role of perceived resources in the relationship between perceived demands and maintenance, was refuted. The results suggest potential factors for maintaining the practice of physical exercise in a gym by using a biopsychosocial approach focused on enhancing resources, not yet applied in this specific context.
Although in today's society there is greater knowledge of regular physical exercise’s importance and benefits, this practice does not always acquire the desirable regularity, which is fundamental for maintaining health. Grounded on this problem, the present study aimed to analyze predictors of physical exercise maintenance in a gym context, such as motivational regulations, the perception of demands placed by this practice, as well as the moderating effect of perceived resources in the relationship between perceived demands and maintenance. A longitudinal study took place in two moments, between March 3-25, 2020 corresponding to the beginning of the pandemic by COVID-19 in Portugal (T1) and between April 10- 27, 2020 corresponding to the household confinement period (T2). A survey based on questionnaires made available through the Qualtrics online platform, to explore changes in behavioral maintenance in co-occurrence with changes in the context, not initially considered in the study’s objectives. 90 practitioners of physical exercise in a gym participated in T1 and 42 in T2. The psychometric indicators of the Perceived Demands and Resources Scale proved was found to be adequate. There was a higher perception of resources than demands, in relation to the practice of physical exercise in a gym context, representing an evaluation of the situation as a challenge. Controlled motivation proved to be a positive predictor, and the perception of demands and resources as negative predictors of physical exercise maintenance. However, the moderator role of perceived resources in the relationship between perceived demands and maintenance, was refuted. The results suggest potential factors for maintaining the practice of physical exercise in a gym by using a biopsychosocial approach focused on enhancing resources, not yet applied in this specific context.
Description
Keywords
Exercício físico Manutenção comportamental Ginásio Perceção de exigências Perceção de recursos Regulações motivacionais Physical exercise Behavioral maintenance Gym Perception of demands Perception of resources Motivational regulations