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Pretende-se com o vigente trabalho contribuir para uma avaliação da formação de forma customizada. Esta tipologia avaliativa assenta numa conceção de técnicas à medida, realizada mediante as características de cada realidade formativa e é uma ambição da Câmara Municipal do Porto (CMP), onde decorreu o estágio curricular para a elaboração deste estudo. Propõe-se uma metodologia, recorrendo a dois exemplos práticos (na área da Segurança e Saúde no Trabalho – SST) a título ilustrativo e, compara-se com a metodologia presentemente adotada pela Autarquia. Estima-se que a proposta metodológica seja replicada em outras ações formativas no âmbito de SST (e, eventualmente, também implementável por outras organizações) e baseia-se no modelo de Kirkpatrick (1959) (modelo já implementado na organização em estudo). O nosso enfoque será, essencialmente, nos níveis 3 (comportamentos) e 4 (resultados) e ainda apresentar o cálculo do ROI proposto por Phillips (1991). Optou-se por uma abordagem de investigação mista, recorrendo a diversas fontes de informação (triangulação de dados), tendo como fontes de informação privilegiadas, as bases de dados (da Seguradora e da DMSST) e a documentação (tabelas remuneratórias, relatórios, manuais, etc.) cedidas pela CMP, assim como as entrevistas realizadas aos Engenheiros de SST, Responsáveis e Coordenador Técnico das respetivas Divisões Municipais. Os principais resultados alcançados, de forma sumária, para os dois exemplos disponibilizados para este estudo, demonstraram que, a nível da eficácia, os participantes alteraram os seus comportamentos (nível 3) após a formação e
transferiram os conhecimentos adquiridos na mesma para o contexto de trabalho. A nível de impacto da formação, os resultados (nível 4) não foram os melhores, dado que o número de incidentes de trabalho revelou-se muito reduzido, pela incapacidade de implementar a metodologia pretendida de forma ideal e por se tratarem de ações formativas de baixo custo e tempo reduzido. No cálculo do ROI identificaram-se resultados contraditórios entre as duas metodologias, já que o cálculo realizado pela CMP foi positivo e o cálculo do ROI executado para o presente estudo foi negativo.
The current work intends to contribute to an assessment of training in a customized way. This evaluative typology is based on a tailor-made design of techniques, carried out through the characteristics of each formative reality and is an ambition of the Câmara Municipal do Porto (CMP), where the curricular internship was carried out to prepare this study. A methodology is proposed, using two practical examples (in the Occupational Safety and Health – OSH area) for illustrative purposes and it compares with the methodology currently adopted by the Autarchy. It is estimated that the methodological proposal can be replicated in other training actions in the scope of OSH (and, eventually, also implementable by other organizations) and is based on the Kirkpatrick model (1959) (model already implemented in the organization under study). Essentially, our focus will be on levels 3 (behaviours) and 4 (results) as well as to present the calculation of the ROI proposed by Phillips (1991). We chose a mixed research approach, using various sources of information (triangulation of data), having as main sources of information, the databases (of the Insurer and the DMSST) and the documentation (remuneration tables, reports, manuals, etc.) provided by the CMP, as well as the interviews carried out to the OSH Engineers, Managers and Technical Coordinator of the respective Municipal Divisions. The main results achieved, summarily, for the two examples made available for this study, showed that, in terms of effectiveness, the participants changed their behaviour (level 3) after training and transferred the knowledge acquired to the job context. At the level of training impact, results (level 4) were not the best, given that the number of work incidents was low, due to the inability to implement the methodology ideally and because the training actions were low cost and short in time. In the calculation of the ROI, contradictory results were found between the two methodologies, since the calculation attained by the CMP was positive and the calculation of the ROI obtained with the present study was negative.
The current work intends to contribute to an assessment of training in a customized way. This evaluative typology is based on a tailor-made design of techniques, carried out through the characteristics of each formative reality and is an ambition of the Câmara Municipal do Porto (CMP), where the curricular internship was carried out to prepare this study. A methodology is proposed, using two practical examples (in the Occupational Safety and Health – OSH area) for illustrative purposes and it compares with the methodology currently adopted by the Autarchy. It is estimated that the methodological proposal can be replicated in other training actions in the scope of OSH (and, eventually, also implementable by other organizations) and is based on the Kirkpatrick model (1959) (model already implemented in the organization under study). Essentially, our focus will be on levels 3 (behaviours) and 4 (results) as well as to present the calculation of the ROI proposed by Phillips (1991). We chose a mixed research approach, using various sources of information (triangulation of data), having as main sources of information, the databases (of the Insurer and the DMSST) and the documentation (remuneration tables, reports, manuals, etc.) provided by the CMP, as well as the interviews carried out to the OSH Engineers, Managers and Technical Coordinator of the respective Municipal Divisions. The main results achieved, summarily, for the two examples made available for this study, showed that, in terms of effectiveness, the participants changed their behaviour (level 3) after training and transferred the knowledge acquired to the job context. At the level of training impact, results (level 4) were not the best, given that the number of work incidents was low, due to the inability to implement the methodology ideally and because the training actions were low cost and short in time. In the calculation of the ROI, contradictory results were found between the two methodologies, since the calculation attained by the CMP was positive and the calculation of the ROI obtained with the present study was negative.
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Avaliação da formação Modelos de avaliação da formação Modelo de Kirkpatrick ROI Training evaluation Training evaluation models Kirkpatrick model