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Os mais velhos : a perspetiva enquanto agentes de crime, execução de pena e reinserção social
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Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação tem como objetivo fundamental investigar o fenómeno da criminalidade na população mais velha, analisando em particular a atuação desses indivíduos como agentes de crimes, bem como os desafios enfrentados na execução de penas e na sua reinserção social. Através de uma análise transdisciplinar, este estudo procura compreender a criminalidade perpetrada pelos mais velhos: os tipos de crime cometidos nessa faixa etária, as questões da (in)imputabilidade e o impacto da idade na determinação da pena. No que diz respeito à execução de pena, é abordado o regime de permanência na habitação enquanto alternativa justificada ao cumprimento efetivo de pena, em articulação com o direito à proteção da saúde. O estudo revela ser útil considerar diferentes critérios e fatores na classificação do mais velho, de acordo com a área do saber em análise, devendo o Direito adequar-se ao fenómeno evolutivo do envelhecimento populacional. Esta investigação destaca ainda a escassez e inexatidão de dados estatísticos adequados, o que se traduz na necessidade futura de maior precisão das estatísticas criminais relacionadas com a pessoa idosa. Apesar disso, conclui-se que a imputabilidade penal deve ser a regra para os mais velhos, com exceções apenas nos casos previstos pela lei e que, embora não exista uma norma legal expressa que preveja a atenuação da pena em razão da idade avançada, fatores como a personalidade do agente podem influenciar a sua determinação. Por fim, a investigação aponta para a necessidade de criação de programas específicos de reinserção social dos reclusos mais velhos e sugere a análise e adoção de experiências internacionais, como é exemplo o modelo prisional de Singen, sugestionando melhorias no sistema português.
This dissertation investigates criminality among the older people, focusing on their role as offenders as well as the challenges faced in the execution of sentences and their social reintegration. Through a transdisciplinary analysis, this study seeks to understand criminality perpetrated by older people: the types of crimes committed by this age group, questions of criminal liability and the impact of age on the determination of sentences. Regarding the execution of sentences, the system of home detention is discussed as a justified alternative to effective serving of the sentence, in conjunction with the right to health protection. The study demonstrates that it is useful to consider different criteria and factors when classifying the older people, depending on the area of knowledge, and that the law should act in line with the changing phenomenon of population ageing. It also reveals the scarcity and inaccuracy of adequate statistical data, indicating the need for greater specificity in future criminal statistics related to older people. Nevertheless, it concludes that criminal liability should be the rule for the older people, with exceptions only in legally defined cases. Although there is no explicit legal provision for mitigating sentences due to advanced age, factors such as the offender's personality may influence the determination of sentences. Finally, the research points to the need for specific social reintegration programs for older prisoners and suggests the analysis and adoption of international experiences, such as the Singen prison model, aiming to inspire improvements in the Portuguese system.
This dissertation investigates criminality among the older people, focusing on their role as offenders as well as the challenges faced in the execution of sentences and their social reintegration. Through a transdisciplinary analysis, this study seeks to understand criminality perpetrated by older people: the types of crimes committed by this age group, questions of criminal liability and the impact of age on the determination of sentences. Regarding the execution of sentences, the system of home detention is discussed as a justified alternative to effective serving of the sentence, in conjunction with the right to health protection. The study demonstrates that it is useful to consider different criteria and factors when classifying the older people, depending on the area of knowledge, and that the law should act in line with the changing phenomenon of population ageing. It also reveals the scarcity and inaccuracy of adequate statistical data, indicating the need for greater specificity in future criminal statistics related to older people. Nevertheless, it concludes that criminal liability should be the rule for the older people, with exceptions only in legally defined cases. Although there is no explicit legal provision for mitigating sentences due to advanced age, factors such as the offender's personality may influence the determination of sentences. Finally, the research points to the need for specific social reintegration programs for older prisoners and suggests the analysis and adoption of international experiences, such as the Singen prison model, aiming to inspire improvements in the Portuguese system.
Description
Keywords
Mais velho Criminalidade nos mais velhos Agentes de crimes Imputabilidade penal Reclusos mais velhos Reinserção social Older people Crime among older people Criminal offenders Criminal liability Execution of sentences Older prisioners Social reintegration
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Without CC licence