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Nos últimos anos, a tributação sobre o rendimento de Pessoal Singulares, em Portugal, especialmente o Imposto sobre o Rendimento das Pessoas Singulares (IRS), tem sido alvo de diversas reformas. Esta dissertação tem como finalidade averiguar a evolução do Imposto sobre o Rendimento de Pessoas Singulares (IRS) em Portugal, com foco nas mudanças legislativas e no impacto fiscal sobre o rendimento disponível. Assim, a investigação subjacente ao estudo da dissertação explora as transformações no sistema de tributação ao longo dos anos: 2013, 2015 e 2023 com o intuito de compreender como as alterações nas taxas de IRS, deduções fiscais e escalões de rendimento afetaram financeiramente as diversas composições familiares. O estudo apresentado é composto por duas partes: uma de análise teórica e outra de aplicação prática, simulada. A parte teórica terá uma introdução sobre o tema e a sua evolução histórica. A parte de aplicação prática incide na análise de vários casos, em simulação de diferentes composições de agregados/grupos familiares, que quantificam o imposto nos anos escolhidos para a análise, com o objetivo de calcular a respetiva taxa efetiva e a sua evolução fiscal. Conclui-se que ao longo dos últimos dez anos, houve uma diminuição das taxas de IRS e algumas reduções pontuais no imposto, mas os ganhos líquidos para os contribuintes são considerados residuais, especialmente quando comparados com a inflação e a perda de poder de compra.
In recent years, the taxation of personal income in Portugal, especially the Individual Income Tax (IRS), has undergone several reforms. This dissertation aims to investigate the evolution of the Individual Income Tax (IRS) in Portugal, focusing on legislative changes and the fiscal impact on disposable income. Thus, the underlying research of this study explores the transformations in the taxation system over the years: 2013, 2015, and 2023, to understand how changes in IRS rates, tax deductions, and income brackets have financially affected various family compositions. The presented study consists of two parts: a theoretical analysis and a practical, simulated application. The theoretical part includes an introduction to the topic and its historical evolution. The practical application focuses on analysing various cases through simulations of different family compositions, calculating the tax in the selected years to determine the respective effective tax rates and their fiscal evolution. It is concluded that over the past ten years, there has been a reduction in IRS rates and some occasional tax cuts, but the net gains for taxpayers are considered minimal, especially when compared to inflation and the loss of purchasing power.
In recent years, the taxation of personal income in Portugal, especially the Individual Income Tax (IRS), has undergone several reforms. This dissertation aims to investigate the evolution of the Individual Income Tax (IRS) in Portugal, focusing on legislative changes and the fiscal impact on disposable income. Thus, the underlying research of this study explores the transformations in the taxation system over the years: 2013, 2015, and 2023, to understand how changes in IRS rates, tax deductions, and income brackets have financially affected various family compositions. The presented study consists of two parts: a theoretical analysis and a practical, simulated application. The theoretical part includes an introduction to the topic and its historical evolution. The practical application focuses on analysing various cases through simulations of different family compositions, calculating the tax in the selected years to determine the respective effective tax rates and their fiscal evolution. It is concluded that over the past ten years, there has been a reduction in IRS rates and some occasional tax cuts, but the net gains for taxpayers are considered minimal, especially when compared to inflation and the loss of purchasing power.
Descrição
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IRS (Imposto sobre o Rendimento de Pessoas Singulares) Flat tax Carga fiscal Progressividade fiscal Evolução tributária IRS (Individual Income Tax) Tax burden Fiscal progressivity Tax evolution
Contexto Educativo
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Licença CC
Sem licença CC
