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Abstract(s)
Ao longo das últimas décadas tem-se verificado um crescente envelhecimento populacional e com este, um aumento na preocupação com a saúde oral dos idosos, maioritariamente os institucionalizados. Esta apreensão advém do facto desta amostra vulnerável apresentar um estado de saúde mais precário.
Objetivos: Este estudo visa caracterizar a saúde oral e a reabilitação protética dos idosos institucionalizados, assim como a sua capacidade mastigatória e a sua auto-perceção sobre a sua saúde oral.
Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico observacional analítico transversal com uma amostra constituída por 63 participantes residentes em instituições da cidade de Viseu. A recolha de dados foi efetuada através da aplicação oral de um questionário, seguido de uma observação intra-oral.
Resultados: Os idosos institucionalizados apresentaram um valor de CPOD de 27,27±7,126, com uma maior prevalência de dentes perdidos (26,14±8,293). Estes dados devem-se aos reduzidos índices de saúde oral verificados nesta amostra, resultantes dos escassos cuidados de higiene oral presentes nos pacientes institucionalizados. Quanto à capacidade mastigatória aferiu-se que os pacientes portadores de prótese dentária apresentam uma maior eficácia mastigatória (p=0,007 e p=0,21). Adicionalmente, os idosos reabilitados proteticamente apresentam uma melhor auto-perceção da sua saúde oral, segundo o Índice GOHAI (p=0,037).
Conclusões: O conhecimento das principais necessidades de tratamento Médico-Dentário dos idosos institucionalizados é fundamental de modo a elaborar medidas de promoção de saúde oral e consciencializar tanto os idosos como os seus familiares e cuidadores para a sua importância. É fulcral que os Médicos-Dentistas se tornem numa parte integrante, ativa e dinâmica da Medicina Dentária Geriátrica.
Introduction: Over the last few decades there has been progressive aging of the populations and with it, an increase in the concern with the oral health of the elderly, particularly the institutionalized ones. This apprehension arises from the fact that this vulnerable sample is in a poorer state of health. Objectives: This study aims to characterize the oral health and prosthetic rehabilitation of institutionalized elderly, as well as their masticatory ability and self-perception of oral health Materials and Methods: The present study is an observational epidemiological cross-sectional study with a sample of 63 participants living in institutions in Viseu. The data was collected through an oral application of a questionnaire, followed by an intra-oral observation. Results: Institutionalized elderly patients presented a DMFT value of 27.27±7.126, with a higher prevalence of missing teeth (26.14±8.293). These data are due to the low oral health indexes verified in this sample, that are a result of the scarce care of oral hygiene present in the institutionalized patients. As to masticatory capacity, it was verified that patients with dental prosthesis had a greater masticatory efficacy (p=0.007 and p=0.21). In addition, the elderly who are prosthetically rehabilitated have a better self-perception of their oral health, according to the GOHAI Index (p=0.037). Conclusions: The knowledge of the main treatment needs of the institutionalized elderly is fundamental in order to elaborate oral health promotion measures and to raise awareness among the elderly, their families and caregivers about the importance of this matter. It is essential that Medical-Dentists become an integral, active and dynamic part in Geriatric Dental Medicine.
Introduction: Over the last few decades there has been progressive aging of the populations and with it, an increase in the concern with the oral health of the elderly, particularly the institutionalized ones. This apprehension arises from the fact that this vulnerable sample is in a poorer state of health. Objectives: This study aims to characterize the oral health and prosthetic rehabilitation of institutionalized elderly, as well as their masticatory ability and self-perception of oral health Materials and Methods: The present study is an observational epidemiological cross-sectional study with a sample of 63 participants living in institutions in Viseu. The data was collected through an oral application of a questionnaire, followed by an intra-oral observation. Results: Institutionalized elderly patients presented a DMFT value of 27.27±7.126, with a higher prevalence of missing teeth (26.14±8.293). These data are due to the low oral health indexes verified in this sample, that are a result of the scarce care of oral hygiene present in the institutionalized patients. As to masticatory capacity, it was verified that patients with dental prosthesis had a greater masticatory efficacy (p=0.007 and p=0.21). In addition, the elderly who are prosthetically rehabilitated have a better self-perception of their oral health, according to the GOHAI Index (p=0.037). Conclusions: The knowledge of the main treatment needs of the institutionalized elderly is fundamental in order to elaborate oral health promotion measures and to raise awareness among the elderly, their families and caregivers about the importance of this matter. It is essential that Medical-Dentists become an integral, active and dynamic part in Geriatric Dental Medicine.
Description
Keywords
Saúde oral Idosos institucionalizados Reabilitação protética Capacidade mastigatória GOHAI Oral health Institutionalized elderly Prosthetic rehabilitation Masticatory ability