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Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho tem como principal objetivo avaliar o desempenho teórico e real de
vigamentos de madeira em edifícios antigos.
Atualmente existe um grande número de edifícios antigos que não cumprem as exigências
regulamentadas segundo o Eurocódigo 5 para vigamentos de madeira. No entanto, alguns desses
edifícios apresentam um bom desempenho real. Propõe-se, então, com esta dissertação fazer a
comparação entre o desempenho teórico e o desempenho real de um determinado pavimento, de
forma a perceber quais as variáveis que podem estar presentes nas diferenças encontradas.
A avaliação de estruturas de madeira requer conhecimentos específicos do material em causa. A
madeira possui características muito próprias, resultado da sua origem natural. Pretende-se
assim fazer uma análise dessas características, físicas e mecânicas, bem como os principais
fatores que condicionam o seu comportamento. No entanto, o comportamento da madeira
poderá ser melhorado, ainda numa fase inicial, através de produtos preservadores, os quais têm
como principal objetivo a proteção do elemento. Quando a madeira apresenta um estado de
degradação avançado, em que a estabilidade do elemento ou da estrutura esteja comprometida,
torna-se necessário proceder à identificação de anomalias e posterior intervenção, utilizando a
técnica de consolidação mais adequada.
Apesar da madeira possuir inúmeras características que a tornam um ótimo material estrutural,
ainda existe uma enorme falta de informação desta, bem como das técnicas de construção
tradicionais que permitem uma melhor interpretação das estruturas. Assim, as intervenções de
reabilitação em estruturas de madeira nem sempre são as mais adequadas, levando por vezes à
demolição de estruturas em bom estado de serviço.
The main objective of this monograph is to evaluate the theoretical and actual performance of timber beams in old buildings. Currently there are a large number of old buildings that do not meet the specified requirements regulated by the Eurocode 5 for timber beams. However, some of these buildings reveal an overall good performance. Therefore, in this monograph, a comparison between the theoretical performance and the actual performance of a given floor is proposed, in an effort to uncover which variables may be present in the different results. The assessment of timber structures requires a degree of expertise regarding the materials. Due to its natural origin, timber has very specific characteristics. The goal is to analyse these characteristics, physical and mechanical, as well as the main factors that influence their behavior. However, the behavior of timber can be improved, at an early stage, through the use of preserving chemicals, which have protection purposes. When an advanced state of decay is presented, where the stability of the element or even the structure is impaired, it is necessary to identify the anomalies and subsequent intervention using the most suitable consolidation technique. Timber has numerous characteristics which make it a great structural material, still, there is a great lack of information regarding it, as well as traditional construction techniques that allow a better interpretation of the structures. Thus, interventions in the rehabilitation of timber structures are not always the most appropriate, often leading to the demolishing of structures that still present a good service state.
The main objective of this monograph is to evaluate the theoretical and actual performance of timber beams in old buildings. Currently there are a large number of old buildings that do not meet the specified requirements regulated by the Eurocode 5 for timber beams. However, some of these buildings reveal an overall good performance. Therefore, in this monograph, a comparison between the theoretical performance and the actual performance of a given floor is proposed, in an effort to uncover which variables may be present in the different results. The assessment of timber structures requires a degree of expertise regarding the materials. Due to its natural origin, timber has very specific characteristics. The goal is to analyse these characteristics, physical and mechanical, as well as the main factors that influence their behavior. However, the behavior of timber can be improved, at an early stage, through the use of preserving chemicals, which have protection purposes. When an advanced state of decay is presented, where the stability of the element or even the structure is impaired, it is necessary to identify the anomalies and subsequent intervention using the most suitable consolidation technique. Timber has numerous characteristics which make it a great structural material, still, there is a great lack of information regarding it, as well as traditional construction techniques that allow a better interpretation of the structures. Thus, interventions in the rehabilitation of timber structures are not always the most appropriate, often leading to the demolishing of structures that still present a good service state.
Description
Keywords
Madeira Vigas de madeira Desempenho teórico Desempenho real Ensaio de carga Timber Timber beams Theoretical performance Real performance Loading test