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Authors
Abstract(s)
A agitação é o sintoma mais comum e generalizado entre as pessoas com demência, considerado o principal motivo de sobrecarga de cuidados, stress, reduzida qualidade de vida para a pessoa, família e cuidadores, assim como factor que conduz à institucionalização. O seu tratamento tem sido tradicionalmente liderado por políticas institucionais de controlo e contenção, consistindo entre combinações de restrições ambientais, mecânicas e farmacológicas. Contudo, estas abordagens são cada vez mais contestadas, tanto por razões éticas como por razões de evidência, recebendo as intervenções não-farmacológicas cada vez maior destaque no cuidado a estes doentes. Alguns estudos sugerem que a aromaterapia com óleo de lavanda favorece a redução da agitação em pessoas com demência, contudo a evidência é limitada sendo necessários mais estudos para avaliar a sua eficácia. Este estudo de cariz quasi-experimental analisou a eficácia da aromaterapia com óleo de lavanda como intervenção não-farmacológica na redução da agitação em dez pessoas com demência, institucionalizados numa nursing home em Inglaterra. O óleo de lavanda foi administrado através de um difusor eléctrico ao longo de seis semanas, durante o período noturno. A dose do óleo de lavanda utilizado assim como o tempo de exposição variararam ao longo do estudo. O resultado primário, a agitação foi avaliado, através de duas escalas: PAS (Escala de Agitação de Pittsburgh), e o CMAI (Cohen Mansfield Agitation Inventory - Inventário de Agitação de Cohen Mansfield). Como resultados secundários, foram monitorizadas caraterísticas individuais dos participantes: peso, pressão arterial, frequência cardíaca e número de horas de sono. Concluído o estudo, procedeu-se à análise dos resultados quantitativos recolhidos. Foi verificado em todos os participantes uma redução média da agitação, aumento do número médio de horas de sono e aumento do peso médio. Apenas alterações ligeiras foram observadas nos valores da pressão arterial e frequência cardíaca. Estes resultados corroboraram com conclusões de estudos anteriores, demonstrando o papel importante da aromaterapia, no tratamento de sintomas comportamentais e psicológicos em pessoas com demência, particularmente a agitação.
Agitation is the most common symptom and widespread among residents with dementia, the main reason for care burden, stress, reduced quality of life for the individual, family and caregivers, and a factor that leads to institutionalization. Treatment for agitation behavior has been traditionally leading by institutional policies of control and containment, consisting on environmental, mechanical and chemical restraints combinations. However, these approaches are increasingly disproved both for ethical and evidence reasons, received non-pharmacological interventions increasingly more attention on care of these patients. Some evidence suggests that aromatherapy with lavender, may benefit reduction of agitation in patients with dementia, however, more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness. This quasi-experimental study examined the effectiveness of aromatherapy with lavender oil as a non-pharmacological intervention on reducing agitation in people with dementia living in a nursing home, in England. The intervention was administered through an electric diffuser during six weeks in the night time. Agitation was the primary outcome assessed using two scales, PAS (Pittsburgh Agitation Scale) and CMAI (Cohen Mansfield Agitation Inventory - Inventory Cohen Mansfield Agitation). As a secondary outcome were monitored participants individual features as: body weight, blood pressure, heart rate and the number hours of sleep. Completed the study proceeded to the analysis of the quantitative results. A reduction of agitation was observed in all participants, and the average number of hours of sleep and weight was increased. There were slight changes in blood pressure and heart rate. These results corroborate with previous studies demonstrating the important role of aromatherapy in the treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms in people with dementia, particularly in agitation.
Agitation is the most common symptom and widespread among residents with dementia, the main reason for care burden, stress, reduced quality of life for the individual, family and caregivers, and a factor that leads to institutionalization. Treatment for agitation behavior has been traditionally leading by institutional policies of control and containment, consisting on environmental, mechanical and chemical restraints combinations. However, these approaches are increasingly disproved both for ethical and evidence reasons, received non-pharmacological interventions increasingly more attention on care of these patients. Some evidence suggests that aromatherapy with lavender, may benefit reduction of agitation in patients with dementia, however, more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness. This quasi-experimental study examined the effectiveness of aromatherapy with lavender oil as a non-pharmacological intervention on reducing agitation in people with dementia living in a nursing home, in England. The intervention was administered through an electric diffuser during six weeks in the night time. Agitation was the primary outcome assessed using two scales, PAS (Pittsburgh Agitation Scale) and CMAI (Cohen Mansfield Agitation Inventory - Inventory Cohen Mansfield Agitation). As a secondary outcome were monitored participants individual features as: body weight, blood pressure, heart rate and the number hours of sleep. Completed the study proceeded to the analysis of the quantitative results. A reduction of agitation was observed in all participants, and the average number of hours of sleep and weight was increased. There were slight changes in blood pressure and heart rate. These results corroborate with previous studies demonstrating the important role of aromatherapy in the treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms in people with dementia, particularly in agitation.
Description
Keywords
Demência Agitação Aromaterapia Óleo de lavanda Dementia Agitation Aromatherapy Lavender oil