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What do we know about spiritual growth in healthcare literature? A scoping review

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This scoping review aims to map existing evidence on how spiritual growth is defined, contextualized, and applied among patients, healthcare providers, families, and students across healthcare settings. A comprehensive search was conducted in Medline (PubMed), CINAHL Complete (EBSCO), Scopus, and Web of Science, with the support of a scientific librarian. Three independent reviewers performed screening and full-text analysis using Ryyan® software; NVivo© was used for data extraction and synthesis. No time constraints were applied. The review followed the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and the PRISMA-ScR 2020 flow diagram. Ninety-five articles were included: 24 qualitative, 44 descriptive, 12 reviews, and 15 mixed-methods studies. The concept of spiritual growth was examined across diverse healthcare contexts with implications for patients, families, and providers. Despite its relevance, a substantial research gap remains regarding how to foster spiritual growth within healthcare. Findings highlight its role as a foundational element of spiritual care and underscore the need to integrate spirituality into healthcare education and practice. The review also stresses the importance of nurturing nursing students’ spiritual development and recommends including spiritual care in healthcare curricula. Patient and public contributions were not included in this review.

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Healthcare Nursing education Scoping review Spiritual growth Spirituality

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Shapira, R., Afonso, A., Sitefane, S., & Caldeira, S. (in press). What do we know about spiritual growth in healthcare literature? A scoping review. Journal for the Study of Spirituality. https://doi.org/10.1080/20440243.2025.2540621

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