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Auto-compaixão, depressão e stress em estudantes universitários
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Abstract(s)
A auto-compaixão, entendida como uma estratégia de regulação emocional eficaz e adaptativa para
lidar com pensamentos, sentimentos indesejados ou desagradáveis e acontecimentos de vida negativos ou
dolorosos, tem sido associada ao bem-estar emocional e psicológico. A depressão e o stress são
claramente distintos do ponto de vista fenomenológico, mas empiricamente tem sido difícil separar os
dois construtos. Estudos anteriores sugerem que a auto-compaixão e os sintomas depressivos estão
consistentemente associados, negativamente, embora se assuma frequentemente que a baixa de autocompaixão
antecede os sintomas depressivos.
Dada a escassez de estudos a explorar a relação destes construtos, o presente estudo tem como
principal objetivo analisar o papel preditivo da auto-compaixão na sintomatologia depressiva e stress
numa amostra de estudantes universitários.
Fizeram parte da amostra 246 estudantes, 69 rapazes e 176 raparigas com uma média de idades de
21.72 anos, que preencheram a Escala de Auto-Compaixão e a Escala de Ansiedade Depressão e Stress.
Ainda que a auto-crítica, o isolamento, a sobre-identificação e o total da auto-compaixão estejam
relacionados com a depressão, apenas o isolamento revela ser um preditor significativo de depressão.
Relativamente ao stress, encontraram-se correlações significativas com a auto-crítica, a condição humana,
o isolamento, a sobre-identificação e o total da auto-compaixão, sendo que apenas a sobre-identificação
não é um preditor de stress. Os nossos resultados sustentam, ainda que sejam preliminares, que trabalhar a
auto-compaixão pode merecer destaque em programas de prevenção e tratamento da depressão.
Self-compassion, understood as a strategy for effective and adaptive emotional regulation to deal with thoughts, unwanted or unpleasant feelings, and negative and painful life events, has been associated with emotional and psychological well-being. Depression and stress are clearly distinct from a phenomenological standpoint, but, empirically, it has been difficult to separate the two constructs. Previous studies suggest that self-compassion and depressive symptoms are consistently associated in a negative way, although it is frequently assumed that low self-compassion precedes depressive symptoms. Given the lack of studies exploring the relationship between these two constructs, the main purpose of this study is to analyse the predictive role of self-compassion on the depressive symptomatology and stress in a sample of college students. The sample was composed of 246 students, of which 69 were male and 176 were female, with mean age of 21.72, and who filled in the Self-compassion Scales and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales. Even though depression is perceived as being correlated with self-criticism, isolation, overidentification and total self-compassion, only isolation is proven to be a significant predictor of depression. Concerning stress, it we found significant correlations with self-criticism, the human condition, isolation, over-identification and total self-compassion, of which only over-identification is not a predictor of stress. Our results, although preliminary, support the notion that the fostering of selfcompassion might deserve some emphasis in programs for the prevention of depression.
Self-compassion, understood as a strategy for effective and adaptive emotional regulation to deal with thoughts, unwanted or unpleasant feelings, and negative and painful life events, has been associated with emotional and psychological well-being. Depression and stress are clearly distinct from a phenomenological standpoint, but, empirically, it has been difficult to separate the two constructs. Previous studies suggest that self-compassion and depressive symptoms are consistently associated in a negative way, although it is frequently assumed that low self-compassion precedes depressive symptoms. Given the lack of studies exploring the relationship between these two constructs, the main purpose of this study is to analyse the predictive role of self-compassion on the depressive symptomatology and stress in a sample of college students. The sample was composed of 246 students, of which 69 were male and 176 were female, with mean age of 21.72, and who filled in the Self-compassion Scales and the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales. Even though depression is perceived as being correlated with self-criticism, isolation, overidentification and total self-compassion, only isolation is proven to be a significant predictor of depression. Concerning stress, it we found significant correlations with self-criticism, the human condition, isolation, over-identification and total self-compassion, of which only over-identification is not a predictor of stress. Our results, although preliminary, support the notion that the fostering of selfcompassion might deserve some emphasis in programs for the prevention of depression.
Description
Keywords
Auto-compaixão Depressão Stress Estudantes universitários Self-compassion Depression College students