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Abstract(s)
A consciencialização da limitação do conhecimento humano tem tornado mais evidente a insuficiência do esquema clássico da responsabilidade civil para a tutela efetiva da posição jurídica do sujeito lesado que, em determinadas situações, se confronta com dificuldades probatórias na demonstração do nexo causal entre o ato do agente e o prejuízo por si sofrido. Neste contexto, a doutrina da perda de chance vem dar resposta a uma necessidade de justiça não prevista pelo legislador, mas que a realidade faz emergir, propugnando uma reparação intermédia que atende ao contexto em que ocorreu a lesão e conforma a indemnização à especificidade do dano sofrido. Daqui decorre a pertinência da sua consideração e o nosso interesse pelo estudo da respetiva admissibilidade em vários domínios, e em especial no âmbito da responsabilidade civil médica. Destarte, perante a necessidade de uma intervenção favor victimae, importará perceber se a perda da oportunidade de alcançar a cura ou a sobrevivência resultante de um erro médico pode, por si só, fundamentar o ressarcimento do doente que reunia um conjunto de condições de que dependia a verificação daquele resultado positivo.
The shortfall of the classic scheme of civil liability to protect the legal position of the injured party who, in certain situations, is faced with the difficulty to show evidence in order to connect agent’s act and the damage suffered had been made clearer by the awareness of the limitations of human knowledge. The Loss of Chance Doctrine provides an answer to a need for justice that has not been foreseen by the legislator, but which emerges from reality. It offers an intermediate form of compensation that takes into account the context in which the injury occurred and adapts the compensation to the specific nature of the damage suffered. Hence the need and our interest to study its admissibility in various fields, particularly in the scope of medical civil liability. Given the need for a favor victimae intervention, it will be important to understand whether the loss of the opportunity to achieve a cure or survival resulting from a medical error can, by itself, justify the compensation of a patient who met a set of conditions on which the verification of that positive effect depended.
The shortfall of the classic scheme of civil liability to protect the legal position of the injured party who, in certain situations, is faced with the difficulty to show evidence in order to connect agent’s act and the damage suffered had been made clearer by the awareness of the limitations of human knowledge. The Loss of Chance Doctrine provides an answer to a need for justice that has not been foreseen by the legislator, but which emerges from reality. It offers an intermediate form of compensation that takes into account the context in which the injury occurred and adapts the compensation to the specific nature of the damage suffered. Hence the need and our interest to study its admissibility in various fields, particularly in the scope of medical civil liability. Given the need for a favor victimae intervention, it will be important to understand whether the loss of the opportunity to achieve a cure or survival resulting from a medical error can, by itself, justify the compensation of a patient who met a set of conditions on which the verification of that positive effect depended.
Description
Keywords
Perda de oportunidade Negligência médica Responsabilidade civil médica Indemnização pela perda de chance de cura ou sobrevivência Dano Nexo de causalidade Obrigação de meios Loss of opportunity Medical malpractice Medical liability Tort recovery for the loss of a chance of cure or survival Damage Causation Duty of best efforts