| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.33 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Uma nova economia floresce fundamentada no domínio digital. De alcance global, intensamente interconectado e permeado de ideias e informações, o emergente fenômeno ainda é chamado por diferentes alcunhas. Independente de como a chamam, Economia Partilhada, Gig Economy ou Economia das Plataformas, a nova economia configura as diferentes transações possibilitadas pelos ecossistemas das plataformas digitais. O intuito desta dissertação foi explorar a estrutura do regime de trabalho freelancer, do setor criativo, inserida neste contexto. Além disso, compreender a dinâmica desses profissionais com as plataformas que utilizam, assim como as estruturas que adotam para organizar suas rotinas e carreiras. Através de uma abordagem exploratória, é feito o levantamento de dados primários, com a aplicação de entrevistas qualitativas, de roteiro semiestruturado e questões majoritariamente abertas, e a captação de dados secundários, com a consulta à bibliografia existente. Mesmo que seus trabalhos permitam horários flexíveis, 100% dos entrevistados afirmaram precisar de uma rotina estruturada. A identificação de três perfis básicos para freelancers do setor criativo, revelou diferentes espectros de interesse destes trabalhadores. Compreender e categorizar as motivações por trás das ações desses profissionais auxiliou no melhor entendimento não só de como se organizam, mas também porquê o fazem de determinada maneira. Não foi identificada uma única solução organizacional que possa servir de forma bem-sucedida a todas as pessoas. As diferentes partilhas dos entrevistados, e seus distintos perfis, serviram para ilustrar como o regime freelancer permite flexibilidade de tal forma que é possível encontrar variadas soluções viáveis, específicas para cada tipo de pessoa. Essa dissertação identificou ainda, que existem critérios de entrada às plataformas insuficientes para garantirem sua qualidade. Essa “abertura” significa um espaço onde há múltiplas oportunidades, para diferentes níveis de profissionalismo e comprometimento. Sem parâmetros, esta abrangência pode ser prejudicial aos usuários e, portanto, às plataformas. Foram identificadas lacunas nas estruturas das plataformas mediadoras, em especial a falta de formas mais eficazes de filtrar clientes de qualidade. Ao que tudo indica, a maioria destas plataformas, ao invés de nutrirem um espaço onde os trabalhadores queiram atuar, e assim gerar valor para todos os envolvidos, preferem tornar-se o mais convidativas o possível para os clientes, ao mesmo tempo em que capitalizam de quantas formas puderem a dependência que causam nos trabalhadores. O número de pontos negativos é superior às vantagens usufruídas, ainda assim os freelancers estão satisfeitos com as plataformas que utilizam, principalmente por conta de sua eficácia em permitir a conexão com clientes em potencial. Por fim, ainda que exista espaço para melhorias, a maioria dos entrevistados sente que sim, o regime freelancer é uma modalidade de trabalho sustentável a longo prazo.
A new economy is flourishing inside the digital domain. The emerging phenomenon is intensely interlinked, it has a global reach, it is in favor of intangible things, such as ideas and information, and still answers to many different names. Whether it’s called the Shared Economy, Gig Economy or Platform Economy, this new economy encompasses the different transactions made possible by the ecosystem of digital platforms. The purpose of this dissertation is to explore the freelancing work structure, within the creative sector, and this particular context. Furthermore, it aims to understand the labour dynamics among freelancers and the platforms they use to mediate their work, and the frameworks they adopt to organize their routines and careers. Through an exploratory approach, the primary data was collected using scripted qualitative interviews with mostly open-ended questions, while the secondary data was obtained by consulting the existing literature. Even though their work allows for flexible hours, 100% of the interviewed freelancers confirmed needing a structured routine. The research helped identify three basic profiles for freelancers, within the creative sector. That effort revealed different spectrums of those professionals’ interests. Analyzing and categorizing the motivations behind their behaviours elucidated not only how they organize, but also why they do it in a particular manner. A single organizational solution to fit all freelancers’ needs was not found. The testimonies, each fitting one of the profiles, illustrated how freelancing promotes flexibility in such a way that it is possible to find a myriad of solutions, tailored for each individual problem. This dissertation also identified that the freelancing platforms have insufficient entry barriers to ensure their quality. This “openness” points to a space where multiple opportunities, suited for different levels of professionalism and compromise, can be found. Without any parameters, this practice could harm users, and platforms alike. When asked about what was lacking in the freelancing platforms structures, participants were effusive in mentioning the need for more efficient ways to filter quality clients. Most of these platforms, instead of nurturing a space where freelancers want to engage with, thus generating value for all parties involved, they rather become as inviting as possible (only) to clients, while capitalizing as much as they can on the dependency they cause to freelancers. The number of negative points is superior than their advantages, nevertheless freelancers remain satisfied with the platforms they use, mostly because of their efficiency in connecting with potential clients. In conclusion, even though there is space for improvements, most of the participants feel that yes, freelancing is a sustainable work regime in the long term.
A new economy is flourishing inside the digital domain. The emerging phenomenon is intensely interlinked, it has a global reach, it is in favor of intangible things, such as ideas and information, and still answers to many different names. Whether it’s called the Shared Economy, Gig Economy or Platform Economy, this new economy encompasses the different transactions made possible by the ecosystem of digital platforms. The purpose of this dissertation is to explore the freelancing work structure, within the creative sector, and this particular context. Furthermore, it aims to understand the labour dynamics among freelancers and the platforms they use to mediate their work, and the frameworks they adopt to organize their routines and careers. Through an exploratory approach, the primary data was collected using scripted qualitative interviews with mostly open-ended questions, while the secondary data was obtained by consulting the existing literature. Even though their work allows for flexible hours, 100% of the interviewed freelancers confirmed needing a structured routine. The research helped identify three basic profiles for freelancers, within the creative sector. That effort revealed different spectrums of those professionals’ interests. Analyzing and categorizing the motivations behind their behaviours elucidated not only how they organize, but also why they do it in a particular manner. A single organizational solution to fit all freelancers’ needs was not found. The testimonies, each fitting one of the profiles, illustrated how freelancing promotes flexibility in such a way that it is possible to find a myriad of solutions, tailored for each individual problem. This dissertation also identified that the freelancing platforms have insufficient entry barriers to ensure their quality. This “openness” points to a space where multiple opportunities, suited for different levels of professionalism and compromise, can be found. Without any parameters, this practice could harm users, and platforms alike. When asked about what was lacking in the freelancing platforms structures, participants were effusive in mentioning the need for more efficient ways to filter quality clients. Most of these platforms, instead of nurturing a space where freelancers want to engage with, thus generating value for all parties involved, they rather become as inviting as possible (only) to clients, while capitalizing as much as they can on the dependency they cause to freelancers. The number of negative points is superior than their advantages, nevertheless freelancers remain satisfied with the platforms they use, mostly because of their efficiency in connecting with potential clients. In conclusion, even though there is space for improvements, most of the participants feel that yes, freelancing is a sustainable work regime in the long term.
Description
Keywords
Trabalho freelancer Upwork Toptal 99Designs Economia das plataformas Gig economy Economia partilhada Terceirização Trabalho criativo sob demanda Organização do trabalho freelancer Freelancing Platform economy Shared economy Outsourcing Creative work on-demand Organizational methods for freelancers