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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Amartya Sen criticises the utilitarian philosophy that underpins neoclassical economics, and suggests the development of an economic theory grounded on a broad conception of freedom. According to the article, freedom includes for Sen two dimensions, namely the opportunity aspect and the process aspect. The opportunity aspect of freedom consists in the capability to achieve the goals that freedom provides us with, and, thus, can be seen in a consequentialist fashion. The procedural dimension of freedom, on the other hand, highlights the role of rights and procedures, and is in line with deontological approaches to ethics. But since deontological (or procedural) and consequentialist approaches to ethics are often said to be incompatible, the article raises the question of whether Sen’s conception is coherent or not. The author of the article argues that consequentialist and deontological approaches need not be incompatible, whereby he underlines in a special way the role of uncertainty as a key element in the understanding of the relationship between those two views of ethics. Finally, the article also assesses the coherence of A. Sen’s conception of the economic agent, a conception that resorts both to the notion of “moral sentiments” developed by Adam Smith as well as to the notion of “moral imperatives” developed by Kant.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Agency Capabilities Consequentialism Economic analysis Emotions Ethics, Consequentialist view of Ethics, Deontological view of Freedom, Economic Imperative, Categorical Intention, Moral Kant, Immanuel (1724-1804) Libertarianism Maxims Microeconomics Moral Principles Nozick, Robert (1938-2002) Opp ortunity Probabiliorism Probabilism Probability, Ethical Procedures, Ethical Relativity, Agent Sen, Amartya Kumar (1933-) Sentiments Uncertainty, Ethical Utilitarianism Utility Virtue Ethics Welfare economics
Contexto Educativo
Citação
MARTINS, Nuno Miguel Ornelas - The Ethics of Freedom: On the Moral Foundations of Economic Analysis. Revista Portuguesa de Filosofia. ISSN 0870-5283 Vol. 65, N.º 1-4 (2009), p. 349-375