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Abstract(s)
O objeto do presente estudo é aferir a patenteabilidade ou não patenteabilidade de invenções geradas por sistemas de Inteligência Artificial com capacidade inventiva. Em primeiro lugar, será feita uma breve explicação do conceito de patente e requisitos da patenteabilidade. Em segundo lugar, será feita uma comparação entre o direito de patentes e o direito de autor, onde serão determinados os elementos diferenciadores que permitem sustentar que a autoria tem de ser humana, elementos esses que não estão presentes com a mesma intensidade no direito de patentes quanto ao conceito de inventor. Em terceiro lugar, será feita uma concretização de três conceitos distintos: invenções assistidas por sistemas de Inteligência Artificial, invenções implementadas por sistemas de Inteligência Artificial e invenções geradas
por sistemas de Inteligência Artificial. Posteriormente, será relevante a determinação e análise de normas jurídicas que aludam ao conceito de inventor no âmbito do direito de patentes, de forma a averiguar que entidades podem ser incluídas no referido conceito de inventor, com apoio no estudo da jurisprudência relacionada com o caso DABUS. Num primeiro ponto, será feita uma comparação entre alguns sistemas jurídicos dentro e fora da União Europeia, assim como será tida em conta a Convenção sobre a Patente Europeia, com o objetivo de conhecer o atual paradigma. Por fim, assumindo a patenteabilidade de invenções geradas por sistemas de Inteligência Artificial, cumpre atender ao atual sistema legal e responder às questões de saber quem é a pessoa singular designada como inventor. Já face à hipótese de o conceito de inventor incluir sistemas de Inteligência Artificial, é necessário averiguar a possibilidade de se conceber uma via alternativa da concessão da titularidade do direito a uma pessoa jurídica e analisar a atual adequação dos requisitos da patenteabilidade. Contrariamente, assumindo-se a não patenteabilidade destas invenções, será feita uma análise das consequências sociais e tecnológicas que daí possam ocorrer.
The object of the present study is to assess the patentability or unpatentability of inventions generated by Artificial Intelligence systems with inventive capacity. Firstly, a brief explanation will be made of the concept of patent and patentability requirements. Secondly, a comparison between patent and copyright law will be made where the differentiating elements that allow sustaining that authorship must be human will be determined, elements that are not present with the same intensity in patent law regarding the concept of inventor. Thirdly, a concretization of three distinct concepts will be made: inventions assisted by Artificial Intelligence systems, inventions implemented by Artificial Intelligence systems and inventions generated by Artificial Intelligence systems. Subsequently, it will be relevant to determine and analyze the legal rules alluding to the concept of inventor within the scope of patent law, to ascertain which entities may be included in said concept of inventor, with support from the study of the case law related to the DABUS case. In a first point, a comparison will be made between some legal systems inside and outside the European Union, as well as the European Patent Convention, to learn the existing paradigm. Finally, assuming the patentability of inventions generated by Artificial Intelligence systems, it is necessary to address the current legal system and answer the questions of who the natural person is designated as the inventor. In light of the hypothesis that the concept of inventor includes Artificial Intelligence systems, it is necessary to investigate the possibility of devising an alternative way to grant the ownership of the right to a person and analyze the current adequacy of the requirements of patentability. On the contrary, assuming the non-patentability of these inventions, an analysis of the social and technological consequences that may occur will be made.
The object of the present study is to assess the patentability or unpatentability of inventions generated by Artificial Intelligence systems with inventive capacity. Firstly, a brief explanation will be made of the concept of patent and patentability requirements. Secondly, a comparison between patent and copyright law will be made where the differentiating elements that allow sustaining that authorship must be human will be determined, elements that are not present with the same intensity in patent law regarding the concept of inventor. Thirdly, a concretization of three distinct concepts will be made: inventions assisted by Artificial Intelligence systems, inventions implemented by Artificial Intelligence systems and inventions generated by Artificial Intelligence systems. Subsequently, it will be relevant to determine and analyze the legal rules alluding to the concept of inventor within the scope of patent law, to ascertain which entities may be included in said concept of inventor, with support from the study of the case law related to the DABUS case. In a first point, a comparison will be made between some legal systems inside and outside the European Union, as well as the European Patent Convention, to learn the existing paradigm. Finally, assuming the patentability of inventions generated by Artificial Intelligence systems, it is necessary to address the current legal system and answer the questions of who the natural person is designated as the inventor. In light of the hypothesis that the concept of inventor includes Artificial Intelligence systems, it is necessary to investigate the possibility of devising an alternative way to grant the ownership of the right to a person and analyze the current adequacy of the requirements of patentability. On the contrary, assuming the non-patentability of these inventions, an analysis of the social and technological consequences that may occur will be made.
Description
Keywords
Sistemas de Inteligência Artificial Invenções Capacidade inventiva Inventor Patenteável Direito de patentes DABUS Artificial Intelligent systems Inventions Inventive capacity Inventor Patentability Patent law