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Portugal tem ocupado muitos lugares cimeiros na esfera da União Europeia no que diz respeito a indicadores de envelhecimento. Este facto torna o envelhecimento populacional uma problemática relevante para o país. Ao aumento da idade está associado um aumento também das comorbilidades, riscos de saúde e riscos sociais, pelo que as necessidades de apoio a diversos níveis são notórias e ainda mais significativas quando os cuidadores informais são também eles idosos. Por este motivo, é fundamental que a resposta social ao nível de prestação de cuidados de saúde, seja de elevada qualidade. Como a maioria das pessoas idosas prefere permanecer nas suas próprias casas, a prestação de cuidados no domicílio torna os Serviços de Apoio Domiciliários uma das respostas sociais de maior procura. É neste âmbito que nasce o presente projeto de intervenção comunitária delineado conforme a metodologia do planeamento em saúde e com base no modelo teórico de Nola Pender, o Modelo de Promoção da Saúde. Para o diagnóstico de situação foram realizadas entrevistas aos Diretores Técnicos de 5 instituições de um município da área metropolitana de Lisboa e, nesses mesmos espaços, foi aplicado um questionário a 51 Ajudantes de Ação Direta. Dos questionários recolhidos foram validados 31 para tratamento da informação. Após a análise de conteúdo das entrevistas e tratamento da informação dos questionários, os diagnósticos de enfermagem priorizados foram a competência de comunicar comprometida e a capacidade do cuidador formal para estabelecer comunicação efetiva comprometida. O objetivo geral do projeto de intervenção foi contribuir para a capacitação das Ajudantes de Ação Direta dos Serviços de Apoio Domiciliário do município, na prestação de cuidados de saúde. A estratégia principal utilizada foi a educacional, sendo que se construiu um curso de formação orientado para a prestação de cuidados de saúde, centrados na pessoa idosa, em contexto domiciliário. As temáticas para cada módulo deste curso tiveram por base os problemas identificados para a população alvo. Os indicadores utilizados na avaliação vieram demonstrar a pertinência do projeto de intervenção. O cronograma do curso ficou delineado e os restantes módulos assegurados pela equipa de enfermagem da Unidade de Cuidados na Comunidade. Este projeto de intervenção foi um processo com muitas aprendizagens e experiências novas, que contribuíram para o desenvolvimento de competências de mestre e de especialista em enfermagem de saúde comunitária e saúde pública.
Portugal has consistently ranked among the highest in the European Union regarding aging indicators, making population aging a particularly relevant issue for the country. Advancing age is associated with increased comorbidities, health risks, and social vulnerabilities, which highlight the need for support on multiple levels—especially when informal caregivers are also elderly. Therefore, it is essential that healthcare provision be of high quality. Since most older adults prefer to remain in their own homes, home-based care becomes one of the most in-demand social support services, placing Home Support Services at the forefront. This community intervention project was developed within this context, following the health planning methodology and based on Nola Pender’s Health Promotion Model. The situational diagnosis involved conducting interviews with the Technical Directors of five institutions in a municipality within the Lisbon metropolitan area and administering a questionnaire to 51 Direct Care Helpers within these same institutions. Of the questionnaires collected, 31 were validated for data analysis. Based on the content analysis of the interviews and the questionnaire data, the prioritized nursing diagnoses were impaired communication skills and compromised ability of the formal caregiver to establish effective communication. The overall objective of the intervention project was to contribute to the empowerment of Direct Care Helpers working in Home Support Services in the municipality, specifically in the delivery of healthcare. The primary strategy used was educational, through the development of a training course focused on delivering person-centred healthcare to older adults in home settings. The themes for each module of the course were based on the identified issues relevant to the target population. The evaluation indicators demonstrated the relevance and impact of the intervention. The course schedule was defined, and the remaining modules were assured by the nursing team from the Community Care Unit. This intervention project was a process rich in learning and new experiences, contributing significantly to the development of competencies expected of a master's-level nurse and a specialist in community and public health nursing.
Portugal has consistently ranked among the highest in the European Union regarding aging indicators, making population aging a particularly relevant issue for the country. Advancing age is associated with increased comorbidities, health risks, and social vulnerabilities, which highlight the need for support on multiple levels—especially when informal caregivers are also elderly. Therefore, it is essential that healthcare provision be of high quality. Since most older adults prefer to remain in their own homes, home-based care becomes one of the most in-demand social support services, placing Home Support Services at the forefront. This community intervention project was developed within this context, following the health planning methodology and based on Nola Pender’s Health Promotion Model. The situational diagnosis involved conducting interviews with the Technical Directors of five institutions in a municipality within the Lisbon metropolitan area and administering a questionnaire to 51 Direct Care Helpers within these same institutions. Of the questionnaires collected, 31 were validated for data analysis. Based on the content analysis of the interviews and the questionnaire data, the prioritized nursing diagnoses were impaired communication skills and compromised ability of the formal caregiver to establish effective communication. The overall objective of the intervention project was to contribute to the empowerment of Direct Care Helpers working in Home Support Services in the municipality, specifically in the delivery of healthcare. The primary strategy used was educational, through the development of a training course focused on delivering person-centred healthcare to older adults in home settings. The themes for each module of the course were based on the identified issues relevant to the target population. The evaluation indicators demonstrated the relevance and impact of the intervention. The course schedule was defined, and the remaining modules were assured by the nursing team from the Community Care Unit. This intervention project was a process rich in learning and new experiences, contributing significantly to the development of competencies expected of a master's-level nurse and a specialist in community and public health nursing.
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Cuidadores formais Serviço de apoio domiciliário Prestação de cuidados formação Cuidados centrados nas pessoas idosas Comunicação Formal caregivers Home support services Healthcare delivery Person-centred care for older adults Communication
Contexto Educativo
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