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Esta dissertação explora o título cristológico “Cordeiro de Deus” de João 1, 29, procurando responder à pergunta: quem é o Cordeiro de Deus? Este título, um dos menos conhecidos pelos cristãos, gerou desde cedo diversas hipóteses interpretativas, muitas das quais baseadas em figuras veterotestamentárias. Dado que o título apenas surge em Jo 1, 29.36, esta análise concentra-se na passagem de Jo 1, 29-34, partindo do texto grego e de uma tradução proposta. O primeiro capítulo estuda o texto numa análise exegética, começando pelo seu contexto redacional e literário. Após o estudo das marcas do Quarto Evangelho, sucede-se uma breve análise de cada um dos termos presentes no trecho, com especial foco no genitivo “de Deus” (de posse ou de origem), presente no título. O estudo da dimensão temporal destaca a interligação textual entre os versículos que emolduram o texto. A busca de intertextualidades nesta micronarrativa reforça a tese de que o evangelista alude principalmente ao Pentateuco e a Isaías. A segunda parte dedica-se ao estudo da teologia do v. 29, procurando esclarecer a missão e a identidade do Cordeiro. Este capítulo começa com um preâmbulo em que se estuda a tipologia como verdadeira hermenêutica bíblica e quais as suas implicações teológicas, como a fórmula “X é o novo Y”. Segue-se um aprofundamento da missão soteriológica do Cordeiro, através da cláusula atributiva “que tira o pecado do mundo”, que aponta para a morte expiatória de Jesus na cruz. A busca pela identidade do Cordeiro através da análise de três tipologias cristológicas (o sacrifício de Isaac, o cordeiro pascal e o servo sofredor) é o clímax desta dissertação. A análise revelou que a combinação das tipologias do cordeiro pascal e do servo sofredor é predominante, mas também sustentou a validade do sacrifício de Isaac como uma interpretação adicional significativa.
This dissertation explores the Christological title “Lamb of God” of John 1:29, aiming to answer the question: who is the Lamb of God? This title, one of the lesser known among Christians, has generated several interpretative hypotheses, since early times, many of them based on Old Testament figures. Since this title appears only in Jn 1:29, 36, this analysis focuses on the passage Jn 1:29-34, drawing on the Greek text and a proposed translation. The first chapter studies the text using exegetical analysis, beginning with its editorial and literary context. After examining the characteristics of the Fourth Gospel, a brief analysis follows of each term present in the passage, with special focus on the genitive “of God” (possession or origin), present in the title. The study of the temporal dimension highlights the textual interconnection between the verses that frame the text. The search for intertextualities in this micronarrative reinforces the thesis that the evangelist primarily alludes to the Pentateuch and Isaiah. The second part is dedicated to the study of the theology of v. 29, seeking to clarify the mission and identity of the Lamb. This chapter begins with a preamble that explores typology as a valid biblical hermeneutic and its theological implications, such as “X is the new Y”. It is followed by a deeper investigation of the soteriological mission of the Lamb, through the attributive clause (“which takes away the sin of the world”), which points to the atoning death of Jesus on the cross. The search for the Lamb’s identity through the analysis of three Christological typologies (the sacrifice of Isaac, the paschal lamb and the suffering servant) forms the climax of this dissertation. The analysis reveals that the combination of the Passover lamb and the suffering servant typologies is dominant, but it also supports the validity of Isaac's sacrifice as a significant additional interpretation.
This dissertation explores the Christological title “Lamb of God” of John 1:29, aiming to answer the question: who is the Lamb of God? This title, one of the lesser known among Christians, has generated several interpretative hypotheses, since early times, many of them based on Old Testament figures. Since this title appears only in Jn 1:29, 36, this analysis focuses on the passage Jn 1:29-34, drawing on the Greek text and a proposed translation. The first chapter studies the text using exegetical analysis, beginning with its editorial and literary context. After examining the characteristics of the Fourth Gospel, a brief analysis follows of each term present in the passage, with special focus on the genitive “of God” (possession or origin), present in the title. The study of the temporal dimension highlights the textual interconnection between the verses that frame the text. The search for intertextualities in this micronarrative reinforces the thesis that the evangelist primarily alludes to the Pentateuch and Isaiah. The second part is dedicated to the study of the theology of v. 29, seeking to clarify the mission and identity of the Lamb. This chapter begins with a preamble that explores typology as a valid biblical hermeneutic and its theological implications, such as “X is the new Y”. It is followed by a deeper investigation of the soteriological mission of the Lamb, through the attributive clause (“which takes away the sin of the world”), which points to the atoning death of Jesus on the cross. The search for the Lamb’s identity through the analysis of three Christological typologies (the sacrifice of Isaac, the paschal lamb and the suffering servant) forms the climax of this dissertation. The analysis reveals that the combination of the Passover lamb and the suffering servant typologies is dominant, but it also supports the validity of Isaac's sacrifice as a significant additional interpretation.
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Keywords
Cordeiro Tipologia Jesus Sacrifício Quarto evangelho João Batista João evangelista Servo Hermenêutica Soteriologia Cruz Pecado Pascal Filho Eleito Lamb Typology Sacrifice Fourth gospel John the Baptist John the evangelist Servant Hermeneutic Soteriology Cross Sin Paschal Son Chosen