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Introdução: Os Cuidados Paliativos constituem um problema e uma necessidade de
Saúde Pública pelo número de pessoas envolvidas afetadas, a necessidade de peritos
para lidar com estas situações, pela universalidade da morte, sendo a mesma associada
a sofrimento normalmente evitável, pelo impacto nos sobreviventes e pelo impacto
económico nos familiares e estado. O doente não necessita obrigatoriamente de estar
numa unidade de cuidados paliativos. Nas unidades de cuidados continuados integrados
também é possível prestar cuidados de excelência a estes doentes.
Metodologia: Estudo epidemiológico, observacional, longitudinal prospetivo e analítico.
Foram realizados 121 inquéritos a 56 doentes. Fez-se a caracterização sociodemográfica
da amostra e clínica do processo de referenciação/admissão, bem como do controlo
sintomático. Analisada a efetividade do controlo sintomático por si só, com o recurso à
escala FACIT-PAL e tendo em conta o local dos cuidados, o diagnóstico da doença, idade
e a existência de cuidador.
Resultados: Os participantes foram, maioritariamente, mulheres, com idade avançada,
casados/viúvos, com escolaridade básica e possuíam apoio de cuidador. Em relação à
tipologia da doença, 31 doentes (55.4%) tinham diagnóstico de cancro. Os cuidados
hospitalares foram os serviços que mais referenciaram doentes à unidade com uma
percentagem de 48.2% (n=27). Os principais motivos para a referenciação foram o
controlo de sintomas e a dependência nas atividades de vida diária. A admissão foi
realizada nos primeiros dias após referenciação e as medianas de sobrevivência
rondaram o mês e meio. A maioria dos doentes teve a avaliação de sintomas no próprio
dia da admissão. Verificou-se significância estatística entre a existência de cuidador e
uma maior qualidade de vida a nível social e familiar avaliado pela escala FACIT-Pal. Não
se verificou efeito da idade.
Conclusões: Após a intervenção da equipa nos doentes avaliados (oncológicos e não
oncológicos) verificou-se melhoria na qualidade de vida dos mesmos. No entanto,
sugere-se a aplicação do questionário em amostragens mais amplas, o que permitirá a
consolidação dos seus resultados em estudos futuros.
Introduction: Palliative Care is a problem and a need for Public Health due to the number of people involved affected, the need for experts to deal with these situations, the universality of death, which is associated with normally avoidable suffering, the impact on survivors and the impact family and state. The patient does not necessarily need to be in palliative care unit. In the integrated continuous care units, it is also possible to provide excellent care to these patients. Methodology: Epidemiological, observational, longitudinal prospective and analytical study. 121 surveys were carried out on 56 patients. The sociodemographic and clinical characterization of the sample and referral / admission process was carried out, as well as the symptomatic control. The effectiveness of symptomatic control alone was analyzed using the FACIT-PAL scale and considering the place of care, the diagnosis of the disease, age and the existence of a caregiver. Results: The participants were, mostly, women, with old age, married / widowed, with basic education and had caregiver support. Regarding the type of disease, 31 patients (55.4%) were diagnosed with cancer. Hospital care was the service that most referred patients to the unit with a percentage of 48.2% (n = 27). The main reasons for referral were symptom control and dependence on activities of daily living. Admission was performed in the first days after referral and medians of survival were around the moth and a half. Most patients had their symptoms evaluated on the day of admission. There was a statistical significance between the existence of a caregiver and a higher quality of life alt the social and family level assessed by the FACIT-Pal scale. There was no effect of age. Conclusions: After the intervention of the team in the patients evaluated (oncology and non-oncology), there was an improvement in their quality of life. However, it is suggested to apply the questionnaire in larger samples, which will allow the consolidation of its results in future studies.
Introduction: Palliative Care is a problem and a need for Public Health due to the number of people involved affected, the need for experts to deal with these situations, the universality of death, which is associated with normally avoidable suffering, the impact on survivors and the impact family and state. The patient does not necessarily need to be in palliative care unit. In the integrated continuous care units, it is also possible to provide excellent care to these patients. Methodology: Epidemiological, observational, longitudinal prospective and analytical study. 121 surveys were carried out on 56 patients. The sociodemographic and clinical characterization of the sample and referral / admission process was carried out, as well as the symptomatic control. The effectiveness of symptomatic control alone was analyzed using the FACIT-PAL scale and considering the place of care, the diagnosis of the disease, age and the existence of a caregiver. Results: The participants were, mostly, women, with old age, married / widowed, with basic education and had caregiver support. Regarding the type of disease, 31 patients (55.4%) were diagnosed with cancer. Hospital care was the service that most referred patients to the unit with a percentage of 48.2% (n = 27). The main reasons for referral were symptom control and dependence on activities of daily living. Admission was performed in the first days after referral and medians of survival were around the moth and a half. Most patients had their symptoms evaluated on the day of admission. There was a statistical significance between the existence of a caregiver and a higher quality of life alt the social and family level assessed by the FACIT-Pal scale. There was no effect of age. Conclusions: After the intervention of the team in the patients evaluated (oncology and non-oncology), there was an improvement in their quality of life. However, it is suggested to apply the questionnaire in larger samples, which will allow the consolidation of its results in future studies.
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Palavras-chave
Avaliação de sintomas Cuidados paliativos Controlo sintomático Symptom assessment Palliative care Symptomatic control