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Síndrome da Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAOS) na consulta de medicina dentária
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Introdução: A Síndrome da Apneia Obstrutiva do Sono (SAOS) é uma doença respiratória caraterizada por eventos recorrentes de obstrução parcial ou total da via aérea superior durante o sono, com repercussões sistémicas e na qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. O Médico Dentista tem uma função relevante na identificação precoce dos pacientes suspeitos de SAOS, através da observação dos fatores de risco e avaliação das estruturas anatómicas referentes a esta patologia. Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência de SAOS numa população de pacientes da Clínica Dentária da Faculdade de Medicina Dentária da Universidade Católica Portuguesa (FMD-UCP). Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo observacional transversal, envolvendo 58 pacientes com mais de 45 anos. A recolha de dados foi executada através da aplicação do guião da Consulta de Medicina Dentária do Sono. Os pacientes com risco intermédio ou elevado realizaram o exame poligráfico do sono de nível III e os que confirmaram o diagnóstico de SAOS foram encaminhados para o hospital da sua área de residência. Resultados: Foi determinada uma prevalência de 47% de SAOS na população estudada. Dos 22 pacientes encaminhados para confirmação de diagnóstico, 20 foram diagnosticados com SAOS. Os principais fatores de risco identificados foram o género masculino, a idade superior ou igual a 45 anos, Índice de Massa Corporal superior ou igual a 35 Kg/m2, o perímetro cervical superior a 40 cm, a hipertensão arterial, a classificação de Mallampati III e IV, úvula aumentada, roncopatia e apneia testemunhada. Conclusões: A prevalência de SAOS na amostra estudada foi consideravelmente elevada, demonstrando a utilidade do guião para a Consulta de Medicina Dentária como ferramenta de triagem. Assim torna-se fundamental integrar o Médico Dentista numa equipa multidisciplinar para evitar o subdiagnóstico de SAOS.
Introduction: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a respiratory disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of partial or complete upper airway <br/>obstruction during sleep, resulting in significant systemic consequences and decreased quality of life. Dentists play an important role in the early identification of patients at risk through the assessment of risk factors and anatomical structures. Objective: To determine the prevalence of OSA in a population of patients attending the Dental Clinic of the Faculty of Dental Medicine of the Portuguese Catholic University (FMD-UCP). <br/>Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted involving 58 patients aged over 45 years. Data collection was performed using the Sleep Dental Medicine Consultation Guide. Patients classified as having intermediate or high risk of OSA underwent a Level III sleep polygraphy test. Those with a confirmed diagnosis of OSA were referred to the hospital of their respective healthcare area for appropriate management. Results: An OSA prevalence of 47% was identified in the studied population. Of the 22 patients referred for diagnostic confirmation, 20 were diagnosed with OSA. The main risk factors identified were male sex, age of 45 years or older, Body Mass Index of 35 Kg/m2, neck circumference greater than 40 cm, arterial hypertension, Mallampati Class III and IV, enlarged uvula, snoring, and witnessed apnea. Conclusions: The prevalence of OSA in the studied sample was considerably high, demonstrating the utility of the Sleep Dental Medicine Consultation Guide <br/>as a screening tool. Therefore, the integration of dentists into a multidisciplinary team is essential to help reduce the underdiagnosis of OSA.
Introduction: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a respiratory disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of partial or complete upper airway <br/>obstruction during sleep, resulting in significant systemic consequences and decreased quality of life. Dentists play an important role in the early identification of patients at risk through the assessment of risk factors and anatomical structures. Objective: To determine the prevalence of OSA in a population of patients attending the Dental Clinic of the Faculty of Dental Medicine of the Portuguese Catholic University (FMD-UCP). <br/>Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted involving 58 patients aged over 45 years. Data collection was performed using the Sleep Dental Medicine Consultation Guide. Patients classified as having intermediate or high risk of OSA underwent a Level III sleep polygraphy test. Those with a confirmed diagnosis of OSA were referred to the hospital of their respective healthcare area for appropriate management. Results: An OSA prevalence of 47% was identified in the studied population. Of the 22 patients referred for diagnostic confirmation, 20 were diagnosed with OSA. The main risk factors identified were male sex, age of 45 years or older, Body Mass Index of 35 Kg/m2, neck circumference greater than 40 cm, arterial hypertension, Mallampati Class III and IV, enlarged uvula, snoring, and witnessed apnea. Conclusions: The prevalence of OSA in the studied sample was considerably high, demonstrating the utility of the Sleep Dental Medicine Consultation Guide <br/>as a screening tool. Therefore, the integration of dentists into a multidisciplinary team is essential to help reduce the underdiagnosis of OSA.
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Apneia obstrutiva do sono Medicina dentária Rastreio em massa Tomografia computorizada de feixe cónico Obstructive sleep apnea Dentistry Mass screening Cone beam computed tomography
Contexto Educativo
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Licença CC
Sem licença CC