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Abstract(s)
Introdução: À medida que o envelhecimento ocorre, surgem alterações no estado de saúde geral e oral do indivíduo. Perante um quadro de comprometimento cognitivo e demência, estas exacerbam e trazem dificuldades acrescidas para o idoso, familiares e seus cuidadores.
Objetivos: Avaliar, caracterizar e comparar a saúde oral, características da mastigação e deglutição em idosos com e sem patologia de origem demencial.
Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal, constituído por um só momento de observação e posterior aplicação do questionário que se subdivide em três partes. A amostra do estudo é constituída por 62 idosos, com mais de 60 anos, pertencentes a instituições sociais de Viseu, Vila Nova de Paiva e Ferreirós do Dão.
Resultados: Na análise dos resultados obtidos verificou-se que os idosos com diagnóstico de demência apresentam uma média de 85,43±8,56 anos de idade, o que é significativamente superior à dos indivíduos sem demência (80,79±9,432; p=0.017). O género feminino é o mais afetado pela demência (n=34; 54,8%). Na população de idosos analfabetos, 72% apresentam demência, contra apenas 54,1% na população de idosos alfabetizados. A depressão (n=15; 39,5%; p=0,001) e os problemas circulatórios (n=26; 68,4%; p=0,035) constituem fatores de risco significativos para a demência. Quanto às características observadas no momento mastigatório e de deglutição, estas sofrem, de forma geral, modificações negativas com a presença de demência, tendo sido verificado que 86,7% dos idosos com dificuldades em mastigar demonstravam dificuldades na deglutição (p=0,008), o que demonstra a interligação entre as duas componentes.
Conclusão: A demência constitui uma condição frequente nos idosos, sendo uma síndrome caracterizada por distúrbios cognitivos e funcionais que afetam estruturas e funções cerebrais, causando deterioração progressiva da memória, comportamento e de outras funções. Esta tem repercussões características na saúde oral e funcional dos idosos, cabendo ao Médico Dentista reconhecê-las e trabalhar num sentido preventivo e interventivo, personalizando os cuidados de saúde orais prestados a este grupo em particular.
Introduction: As the aging occurs, there are changes in the general and oral health of the individual. Faced with a picture of cognitive impairment and dementia, these exacerbate and bring increased difficulties for the elderly, their families and their caregivers. Objectives: To evaluate, characterize and compare oral health, characteristics of chewing and swallowing, in the elderly with and without pathology of dementia. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study, consisting of one moment of observation and subsequent application of the questionnaire that is subdivided into three parts. The sample consisted in 62 patients, aged over 60, belonging to the social units of Viseu, Vila Nova de Paiva and Ferreirós do Dão. Results: In the analysis of the results, it was verified that the elderly with a diagnosis of dementia present an average of 85.43 ± 8.56 years, which is significantly higher than the elderly without dementia (80.79 ± 9.432; p= 0.017). The female gender is more affected by dementia (n=34, 54,8%). In the illiterate elderly population, 72% have dementia, compared to only 54.1% in the literate elderly population. Depression (n=15, 39.5%; p=0.001) and circulatory problems (n=26, 68.4%, p = 0.035) were risk factors for dementia. As to the characteristics observed at the time of chewing and swallowing, they generally present negative changes with the presence of dementia. It was found that 86.7% of the elderly with difficulties presented difficulties in swallowing (p=0.008), which demonstrates the interconnection between the two components. Conclusion: Dementia is a frequent condition in the elderly, being a syndrome characterized by cognitive and functional disorders that affect brain structures and functions, causing a progressive deterioration of memory, behavior and other functions. This has characteristic repercussions on oral and functional health of the elderly, and it is up to the Dentist to recognize them and work in a preventive and interventional sense, personalizing the oral health care provided to this particular group.
Introduction: As the aging occurs, there are changes in the general and oral health of the individual. Faced with a picture of cognitive impairment and dementia, these exacerbate and bring increased difficulties for the elderly, their families and their caregivers. Objectives: To evaluate, characterize and compare oral health, characteristics of chewing and swallowing, in the elderly with and without pathology of dementia. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study, consisting of one moment of observation and subsequent application of the questionnaire that is subdivided into three parts. The sample consisted in 62 patients, aged over 60, belonging to the social units of Viseu, Vila Nova de Paiva and Ferreirós do Dão. Results: In the analysis of the results, it was verified that the elderly with a diagnosis of dementia present an average of 85.43 ± 8.56 years, which is significantly higher than the elderly without dementia (80.79 ± 9.432; p= 0.017). The female gender is more affected by dementia (n=34, 54,8%). In the illiterate elderly population, 72% have dementia, compared to only 54.1% in the literate elderly population. Depression (n=15, 39.5%; p=0.001) and circulatory problems (n=26, 68.4%, p = 0.035) were risk factors for dementia. As to the characteristics observed at the time of chewing and swallowing, they generally present negative changes with the presence of dementia. It was found that 86.7% of the elderly with difficulties presented difficulties in swallowing (p=0.008), which demonstrates the interconnection between the two components. Conclusion: Dementia is a frequent condition in the elderly, being a syndrome characterized by cognitive and functional disorders that affect brain structures and functions, causing a progressive deterioration of memory, behavior and other functions. This has characteristic repercussions on oral and functional health of the elderly, and it is up to the Dentist to recognize them and work in a preventive and interventional sense, personalizing the oral health care provided to this particular group.
Description
Keywords
Envelhecimento Idosos Demência Saúde oral Mastigação Deglutição Aging Elderly Dementia Oral health Chewing Swallowing