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A recuperação após um Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) é baseada nos mecanismos de plasticidade neuronal e na forma como o sistema nervoso central se reorganiza para compensar a perda das áreas afetadas. Neste contexto específico, as técnicas de neuromodulação, onde se enquadra a Estimulação Magnética Transcraniana (EMT), têm tido avanços promissores e suscitado grande interesse por parte da comunidade científica pelo seu potencial terapêutico, especialmente nas sequelas pós-AVC. A EMT resulta da produção de campos magnéticos modulados, induzindo a produção de correntes eléctricas no córtex cerebral, modificando a excitabilidade intra-cortical e ativando ou inibindo estruturas corticais e subcorticais distantes ao longo de conexões específicas. Neste sentido, a EMT pode promover os mecanismos de neuroplasticidade e está associada à recuperação funcional de pacientes que sofreram AVC´s. Pretende-se, com este artigo, apresentar uma atualização da literatura sobre este tema de forma a evidenciar as diferentes aplicações clínicas desta técnica especificamente na reabilitação de pessoas com afasia após AVC.
Post-stroke recovery is based on neural plastic changes that allow brain reorganization in order to compensate the loss of activity in the affected brain regions. In this line, the neuromodulation techniques, namely Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), assists to a growing interest from the scientific community, especially for its therapeutic potential to treat stroke related sequels. TMS results from a magnetic field that induces an electrical current in the cerebral cortex, changing intra-cortical excitability and activating distant cortical and subcortical structures throughout specific connections. Therefore, the application of TMS was recently proposed to promote functional recovery in stroke patients, owing to the induced neuroplasticity. This paper review and discusses the different clinical applications of TMS in patients with post-stroke aphasia.
Post-stroke recovery is based on neural plastic changes that allow brain reorganization in order to compensate the loss of activity in the affected brain regions. In this line, the neuromodulation techniques, namely Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), assists to a growing interest from the scientific community, especially for its therapeutic potential to treat stroke related sequels. TMS results from a magnetic field that induces an electrical current in the cerebral cortex, changing intra-cortical excitability and activating distant cortical and subcortical structures throughout specific connections. Therefore, the application of TMS was recently proposed to promote functional recovery in stroke patients, owing to the induced neuroplasticity. This paper review and discusses the different clinical applications of TMS in patients with post-stroke aphasia.
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Cérebro AVC Reabilitação Estimulação Magnética Transcraniana Brain Stroke Rehabilitation Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation