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Abstract(s)
A presente investigação teve como objetivo compreender em que medida a esperança, o perdão,
a gratidão e a felicidade subjetiva moderam a relação entre o stress fisiológico e o stress
percebido. Para isso, foram recolhidos dados junto de uma amostra constituída por 151
participantes, com idades entre os 18 e os 78 anos, com a aplicação para iphone/android
Welltory para avaliar o stress fisiológico, a Escala de Stress Percecionado (PSS-10, Cohen et
al., 1983), a Escala de Esperança para Adultos (Snyder et al., 1991), a Escala sobre o Perdão
(Barros, 2002), a Escala Gratitude Questionnaire (McCullough et al., 2002), a Escala de
Felicidade Subjetiva (Lyubomirsky & Lepper, 1999) e um questionário sociodemográfico. Os
resultados indicam relações positivas entre as variáveis psicológicas positivas, e relações
negativas entre o stress percebido quer com a esperança quer com a felicidade subjetiva. A
análise de dados permitiu ainda constatar diferenças estatisticamente significativas nas
variáveis sociodemográficas género, idade, habilitações literárias e ocupação, e ainda nas
variáveis religiosidade, perceção de saúde global e de bem-estar psicológico, em relação às
variáveis positivas e ao stress percebido. Verificamos que o género, a perceção de bem-estar
psicológico, a esperança na sua componente agência e na sua componente caminhos e a
felicidade subjetiva são variáveis preditoras do stress percebido. Contudo, nenhuma das
variáveis positivas se revelou moderadora da relação entre o stress fisiológico e o stress
percebido.
The purpose of this investigation was to understand the extent to which hope, forgiveness, gratitude and subjective happiness moderate the relationship between physiological stress and perceived stress. For that, data were collected from a sample of 151 participants, between the ages of 18 and 78 years old, using the iphone/android app Welltory to assess physiological stress, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10, Cohen et al., 1983), the Adult Hope Scale (Snyder et al., 1991), the Forgiveness Scale (Barros, 2002), the Gratitude Questionnaire (McCullough et al., 2002), the Subjective Happiness Scale (Lyubomirsky & Lepper, 1999) and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The results indicate positive relationships between the positive psychological variables, and negative relationships between perceived stress with both hope and subjective happiness. Data analysis also showed statistically significant differences in sociodemographic variables such as gender, age, educational qualifications and occupation, as well as religiosity, perception of global health and psychological well-being, in relation to the positive variables and perceived stress. We verified that sex, the perception of psychological well-being, hope in its agency and pathways components and subjective happiness are predictive variables of perceived stress. However, none of the positive variables proved to moderate the relationship between physiological stress and perceived stress.
The purpose of this investigation was to understand the extent to which hope, forgiveness, gratitude and subjective happiness moderate the relationship between physiological stress and perceived stress. For that, data were collected from a sample of 151 participants, between the ages of 18 and 78 years old, using the iphone/android app Welltory to assess physiological stress, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10, Cohen et al., 1983), the Adult Hope Scale (Snyder et al., 1991), the Forgiveness Scale (Barros, 2002), the Gratitude Questionnaire (McCullough et al., 2002), the Subjective Happiness Scale (Lyubomirsky & Lepper, 1999) and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The results indicate positive relationships between the positive psychological variables, and negative relationships between perceived stress with both hope and subjective happiness. Data analysis also showed statistically significant differences in sociodemographic variables such as gender, age, educational qualifications and occupation, as well as religiosity, perception of global health and psychological well-being, in relation to the positive variables and perceived stress. We verified that sex, the perception of psychological well-being, hope in its agency and pathways components and subjective happiness are predictive variables of perceived stress. However, none of the positive variables proved to moderate the relationship between physiological stress and perceived stress.
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Keywords
Stress percebido Variabilidade da frequência cardíaca Esperança Perdão Gratidão Felicidade subjetiva Perceived stress Heart rate variability Hope Forgiveness Gratitude Subjective happiness