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Bem comer para melhor crescer : intervenção de enfermagem de saúde pública em contexto escolar
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| 7.54 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Abstract(s)
A escola é o local de excelência para trabalhar com alunos, professores, pais e comunidade envolvente com vista a hábitos saudáveis (Loureiro I. , 2018). Este projeto de intervenção comunitária foi baseado na metodologia do planeamento em saúde de Imperatori e Giraldes (1993) e Tavares (1990) e no referencial teórico de enfermagem de Modelo de Promoção de Saúde de Nola Pender (2019), com o intuito de promoção de hábitos alimentares saudáveis aos adolescentes do 2.º ciclo de ensino numa perspetiva de saúde pública. Para o diagnóstico de situação utilizou-se a metodologia qualitativa, com recurso à entrevista semi-estruturada a três informadores-chave, seguidas de análise de conteúdo segundo Bardin (2018). Os principais problemas de saúde identificados foram o comportamento alimentar dos adolescentes, o papel comprometido de docentes e não docentes na promoção de hábitos alimentares saudáveis, assim como a falta de conhecimento destes sobre alimentação saudável e a legislação em vigor. Foram priorizados os problemas identificados segundo a grelha de análise e estabelecidos os objetivos, metas e respetivos indicadores de impacto e atividade. O objetivo geral foi “Contribuir para escolhas alimentares saudáveis dos adolescentes do 2.º ciclo de ensino de uma escola do concelho de Loures, no ano letivo 2021/2022, no período de setembro a dezembro de 2021”. As atividades desenvolvidas realizaram-se com base na gestão e monitorização do Programa Nacional de Saúde Escolar. A estratégia de intervenção foi, essencialmente, educacional. Procurou-se obter a participação da UCC local, intervir junto de docentes e não docentes como modelo educativo e elaborar materiais educacionais, bem como uma proposta de reabertura do bar escolar, encerrado devido à atual pandemia. Atingiram-se os indicadores de atividade. Para a avaliação do indicador de impacto, não atingido devido a fatores temporais, elaborou-se um documento para posterior análise da desejável mudança comportamental nos adolescentes.
The school is the place of excellence to work with students, teachers, parents and the surrounding community with a view to healthy habits (Loureiro I., 2018). This community intervention project was based on the health planning methodology of Imperatori and Giraldes (1993) and Tavares (1990) and on the theoretical nursing framework oh the Health Promotion Model by Nola Pender (2019), with the aim of promotion healthy eating habits to adolescents in the 2nd cycle of education from a public health perspective. For the diagnosis of the situation, a qualitative methodology was used, using semi-structured interviews with three key informants, followed by content analysis according to Bardin (2018). The main health problems identified were the eating behavior by adolescents, the committed role of teachers and non-teachers in promoting healthy eating habits, as well as the lack of knowledge of them about healthy eating, the legislation in force. The problems identified were prioritized according to the analysis grid and the objectives, targets and respective impact and activity indicators were established. The overall objective was “Contribute to healthy food choices for adolescents in the 2nd cycle of education at a school in the municipality of Loures, in the academic year 2021/2022, from September to December 2021”. The activities developed were based on the management and monitoring of the National School Health Program. The intervention strategy was essentially educational. We sought to obtain the participation of the local UCC, intervene with teachers and non-teachers as an educational model, prepare educational materials as well as a proposal to reopen the school bar, closed due to the current pandemic. Activity indicators were reached. For the evaluation of the impact indicator, which was not reached due to temporal factors, a document was prepared for further analysis of the desirable behavioral change in adolescents.
The school is the place of excellence to work with students, teachers, parents and the surrounding community with a view to healthy habits (Loureiro I., 2018). This community intervention project was based on the health planning methodology of Imperatori and Giraldes (1993) and Tavares (1990) and on the theoretical nursing framework oh the Health Promotion Model by Nola Pender (2019), with the aim of promotion healthy eating habits to adolescents in the 2nd cycle of education from a public health perspective. For the diagnosis of the situation, a qualitative methodology was used, using semi-structured interviews with three key informants, followed by content analysis according to Bardin (2018). The main health problems identified were the eating behavior by adolescents, the committed role of teachers and non-teachers in promoting healthy eating habits, as well as the lack of knowledge of them about healthy eating, the legislation in force. The problems identified were prioritized according to the analysis grid and the objectives, targets and respective impact and activity indicators were established. The overall objective was “Contribute to healthy food choices for adolescents in the 2nd cycle of education at a school in the municipality of Loures, in the academic year 2021/2022, from September to December 2021”. The activities developed were based on the management and monitoring of the National School Health Program. The intervention strategy was essentially educational. We sought to obtain the participation of the local UCC, intervene with teachers and non-teachers as an educational model, prepare educational materials as well as a proposal to reopen the school bar, closed due to the current pandemic. Activity indicators were reached. For the evaluation of the impact indicator, which was not reached due to temporal factors, a document was prepared for further analysis of the desirable behavioral change in adolescents.
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Keywords
Enfermagem Hábitos alimentares Adolescentes Escola Promoção de saúde Nursing Eating habits Adolescents School Health promotion