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Manifestações orais em mulheres provocadas por distúrbios alimentares : revisão sistemática
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Os distúrbios alimentares constituem um importante problema de saúde pública, estando associados a diversas complicações sistémicas e orais. Muitas destas manifestações podem representar sinais precoces da doença, tornando o seu reconhecimento relevante na prática clínica médico-dentária. Objetivo: Identificar, analisar e sintetizar as manifestações orais associadas as perturbações alimentares em mulheres diagnosticadas com anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa ou outras perturbações do comportamento alimentar. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura de acordo com as recomendações PRISMA. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi efetuada nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science, incluindo estudos publicados entre 2015 e 2025. A estratégia de pesquisa baseou-se nos termos “Eating Disorder”, “Oral Disorders”, “Oral Health” e “Female”, combinados através do operador booleano AND. Foram incluídos estudos observacionais que avaliaram manifestações orais em populações exclusivamente femininas com diagnóstico de perturbação alimentar. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos foi avaliada através da Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case-Control Studies. Resultados: Foram incluídos seis estudos, envolvendo mais de 750 participantes. A erosão dentária foi a manifestação oral mais frequentemente reportada, estando presente em 100% dos estudos incluídos. A cárie dentária foi identificada em 83,3% dos estudos, enquanto as alterações salivares e periodontais foram observadas em 66,7%. As lesões da mucosa oral foram descritas em 50% dos estudos. A prevalência e a severidade das alterações orais foram superiores nos indivíduos com comportamento purgativo, particularmente nos casos de bulimia nervosa. Conclusão: As perturbações alimentares encontram-se associados a múltiplas manifestações orais, sendo a erosão dentária o achado mais consistente. O médico dentista desempenha um papel fundamental na identificação precoce destes sinais clínicos, contribuindo para o diagnóstico e encaminhamento atempado dos indivíduos afetados.
Eating disorders represent an important public health concern and are associated with several systemic and oral complications. Many of these manifestations may constitute early signs of the disease, making their recognition particularly relevant in dental clinical practice. Objective: To identify, analyse, and synthesise the oral manifestations associated with eating disorders in women diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or other eating disorders. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. The bibliographic search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, including studies published between 2015 and 2025. The search strategy was based on the terms “Eating Disorder”, “Oral Disorders”, “Oral Health”, and “Female”, combined using the Boolean operator AND. Observational studies evaluating oral manifestations in exclusively female populations diagnosed with eating disorders were included. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for CaseControl Studies. Results: Six studies involving more than 750 participants were included. Dental erosion was the most frequently reported oral manifestation, being identified in 100% of the included studies. Dental caries was reported in 83.3% of the studies, while salivary and periodontal alterations were observed in 66.7%. Oral mucosal lesions were described in 50% of the studies. The prevalence and severity of oral manifestations were higher among individuals presenting purging behaviours, particularly those diagnosed with bulimia nervosa. Conclusion: Eating disorders are associated with multiple oral manifestations, with dental erosion representing the most consistent finding. Dentists play a fundamental role in the early identification of these clinical signs, contributing to the timely diagnosis and referral of affected individuals.
Eating disorders represent an important public health concern and are associated with several systemic and oral complications. Many of these manifestations may constitute early signs of the disease, making their recognition particularly relevant in dental clinical practice. Objective: To identify, analyse, and synthesise the oral manifestations associated with eating disorders in women diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or other eating disorders. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. The bibliographic search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, including studies published between 2015 and 2025. The search strategy was based on the terms “Eating Disorder”, “Oral Disorders”, “Oral Health”, and “Female”, combined using the Boolean operator AND. Observational studies evaluating oral manifestations in exclusively female populations diagnosed with eating disorders were included. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for CaseControl Studies. Results: Six studies involving more than 750 participants were included. Dental erosion was the most frequently reported oral manifestation, being identified in 100% of the included studies. Dental caries was reported in 83.3% of the studies, while salivary and periodontal alterations were observed in 66.7%. Oral mucosal lesions were described in 50% of the studies. The prevalence and severity of oral manifestations were higher among individuals presenting purging behaviours, particularly those diagnosed with bulimia nervosa. Conclusion: Eating disorders are associated with multiple oral manifestations, with dental erosion representing the most consistent finding. Dentists play a fundamental role in the early identification of these clinical signs, contributing to the timely diagnosis and referral of affected individuals.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Eating disorder Oral disorders Oral health Female
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Editora
Licença CC
Sem licença CC