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A história da federação brasileira teve início em 1889. Em 15 de Novembro daquele ano surgem federalismo e republicanismo num mesmo e único lance, movimento que tratou de sepultar o regime monárquico sob comando de Dom Pedro II, o último imperador do Brasil. Em 1988, depois de longo período de exceção iniciado em 1964, o Brasil promulga novo texto constitucional, consagrando, mais uma vez, federalismo e republicanismo. A Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988 (CF/88), especificamente no tocante ao tema do federalismo, inova ao consolidar fórmula federativa absolutamente singular: é implementado modelo integrado por três seres federados. A Carta de 1988, pela primeira vez desde 1889, materializa União, Estados e Municípios como criaturas federadas. O Brasil, deste modo, é uma federação que tem a localidade como entidade política detentora de autonomia federativa. As implicações da fórmula triangular, severas sob todos os ângulos, são por isso mesmo examinadas no corpo da pesquisa. A tese, distribuído em quatro partes, cuidou de abordar os princípios do federalismo (Capítulo I), avaliar as normas da CF/88 vinculadas à questão federativa (Capítulo II), analisar as bases teóricas do federalismo no Brasil e as relações assimétricas da federação brasileira (Capítulo III) e, ainda, identificar as principais causas desestabilizadoras do sistema federalista surgido em 1988 (Capítulo IV). Buscou a investigação priorizar o estudo do federalismo no Brasil na perspetiva da noção de sistema, o que implica contemplar o modelo brasileiro, por um lado, em sentido amplo (no que diz respeito ao funcionamento integral do arranjo) e, por outro lado, em sentido estrito (no que se refere às relações estabelecidas entre todas as unidades que constituem a composição federativa vigente). Em sede de conclusão, o texto é apresentado à luz da metodologia que combina diagnóstico, prognóstico e terapia, abordagem inspirada nos ensinamentos do sociólogo alemão Claus Offe.
The history of the Brazilian federation began in 1889. On the 15th of November of that year emerge federalism and republicanism in the same and unique shot, a movement that buried the monarchical regime under the command of Dom Pedro II, the last emperor of Brazil. In 1988, after a long period of exception that started in 1964, Brazil promulgates a new constitutional text, confirming, once again, federalism and republicanism. The Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil of 1988 (CF/88), specifically pertaining to the theme of federalism, innovates upon consolidating federative formula absolutely singular: model integrated by three federate beings is implemented. The Charter of 1988, for the first time since 1889, materializes Union, States, and Municipalities as federate creatures. Brazil, thus, is a federation that has the locality as a political entity holding federative autonomy. The implications of the triangular formula, severe under all angles, are for thus reason examined within the body of the research. The thesis, distributed in for parts, approached the principles of federalism (Chapter I), evaluated the norms of the CF/88 connected to the federative question (Chapter II), analyzed the theoretical bases of federalism in Brazil and the asymmetrical relations of the Brazilian federation (Chapter III), and, also, identified the main causes that imbalance the federalist system erected in 1988 (Chapter IV). The investigation prioritized the study of federalism in Brazil within the perspective of the notion of system, which implies viewing the Brazilian model, on the one hand, in ample sense (regarding the integral operation of the arrangement), and, on the other hand, in strict sense (concerning the relations established between all the units that constitute the present federative composition). Upon conclusion, the text is presented in light of methodology that combines diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy, approach inspired in the teachings of German sociologist Claus Offe
The history of the Brazilian federation began in 1889. On the 15th of November of that year emerge federalism and republicanism in the same and unique shot, a movement that buried the monarchical regime under the command of Dom Pedro II, the last emperor of Brazil. In 1988, after a long period of exception that started in 1964, Brazil promulgates a new constitutional text, confirming, once again, federalism and republicanism. The Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil of 1988 (CF/88), specifically pertaining to the theme of federalism, innovates upon consolidating federative formula absolutely singular: model integrated by three federate beings is implemented. The Charter of 1988, for the first time since 1889, materializes Union, States, and Municipalities as federate creatures. Brazil, thus, is a federation that has the locality as a political entity holding federative autonomy. The implications of the triangular formula, severe under all angles, are for thus reason examined within the body of the research. The thesis, distributed in for parts, approached the principles of federalism (Chapter I), evaluated the norms of the CF/88 connected to the federative question (Chapter II), analyzed the theoretical bases of federalism in Brazil and the asymmetrical relations of the Brazilian federation (Chapter III), and, also, identified the main causes that imbalance the federalist system erected in 1988 (Chapter IV). The investigation prioritized the study of federalism in Brazil within the perspective of the notion of system, which implies viewing the Brazilian model, on the one hand, in ample sense (regarding the integral operation of the arrangement), and, on the other hand, in strict sense (concerning the relations established between all the units that constitute the present federative composition). Upon conclusion, the text is presented in light of methodology that combines diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy, approach inspired in the teachings of German sociologist Claus Offe
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Keywords
Federação Federalismo Normas Princípios Teoria Sistema federalista brasileiro Federation Federalism Norms Principles Theory Brazilian federalist system