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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A competência cognitiva de autorregulação, responsável pela modulação
das ações verbais e motoras, é considerada primordial para o bom funcionamento
biopsicossocial do indivíduo. Por se relacionar com o desenvolvimento atencional, há
crescente interesse sobre o seu processo maturacional na juventude. A meditação, uma
estratégia associada à promoção destas competências cognitivas, estimula a discussão
sobre quais técnicas podem ser eficazes para ajudar os jovens a se prepararem para a vida
adulta. A investigação foi delineada com o objetivo de analisar a aplicação de práticas de
meditação sobre a autorregulação e atenção de jovens dos 10 aos 24 anos de idade com
desenvolvimento típico. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura
qualitativa utilizando as bases de dados B-On, PubMed e Science Direct, por estudos
empíricos, revistos por pares, publicados nos últimos 10 anos em inglês, espanhol e
português. Foi definida uma combinação de descritores com os termos “meditation, selfregulation, attention” e “adolescent/adolescence/youth/teenager”. Resultados: Dos 430
resultados, foram selecionados sete estudos quase-experimentais publicados entre 2011 e
2019, escritos na língua inglesa. As formas de meditação variaram na técnica utilizada,
duração, frequência e formação dos instrutores, tendo em comum o treino da respiração
profunda e a postura ereta. As vertentes da atenção vigilante e seletiva dos praticantes de
meditação apresentaram melhorias logo após a intervenção na maioria dos estudos
analisados, mas não houve mudança estatisticamente significativa na atenção espacial.
Após a meditação, a autorregulação sofreu impacto positivo em curto e longo prazo,
porém, os indicadores de impulsividade só apresentaram redução em curto prazo.
Conclusão: A presente revisão permitiu averiguar evidências da prática de meditação na
atenção e na autorregulação de jovens, porém o número de estudos é ainda escasso.
Futuros estudos devem explorar contingências específicas presentes na meditação que
permitem estimular os principais mecanismos neurais envolvidos e promover o
desenvolvimento das funções cognitivas.
Introduction: The cognitive self-regulating skill, responsible for verbal and motor functions, is primordial for the individual's psycho-social wellbeing. Being related with attention development, there is growing interest into the maturing process that occurs in youth. Meditation, a strategy associated with promoting these cognitive skills, stimulates the discussion about which techniques could be effective to help teenagers better prepare for adulthood. This paper had the goal of analysing the application of meditation practices about self-regulation and attention on young people from 10 to 24 years old with typical development. Methodology: A research has been performed, following the standards for systematic review of qualitative literature, using B-On, PubMed and Science Direct databases, through peer reviewed empirical studies, published over the last 10 years in English, Spanish and Portuguese. It was defined as the combination of descriptors the terms “meditation, self-regulation, attention” and “adolescent/adolescence/youth/teenager”. Results: From 430 results, seven semiexperimental studies published between 2011 and 2019 were selected, written in English. Meditation forms varied according to technique, duration, frequency and instructors' backgrounds, having in common the training with deep breath and straight posture. The vigilant and selective attention strands showed improvements soon after the intervention in the majority of the analysed studies, but there was no statistically significant change in spatial attention. After meditation, self-regulation suffered a short and long term positive impact, although impulsiveness indicators only showed reduction in the short term. Conclusion: This review has allowed to ascertain the evidence on improving attention and self-regulation through the practice of meditation by the young population, concluding that the number of studies is still scarce. Future studies should explore specific contingencies present in the practice of meditation that stimulate major neural mechanisms involved and promote the development of these cognitive functions.
Introduction: The cognitive self-regulating skill, responsible for verbal and motor functions, is primordial for the individual's psycho-social wellbeing. Being related with attention development, there is growing interest into the maturing process that occurs in youth. Meditation, a strategy associated with promoting these cognitive skills, stimulates the discussion about which techniques could be effective to help teenagers better prepare for adulthood. This paper had the goal of analysing the application of meditation practices about self-regulation and attention on young people from 10 to 24 years old with typical development. Methodology: A research has been performed, following the standards for systematic review of qualitative literature, using B-On, PubMed and Science Direct databases, through peer reviewed empirical studies, published over the last 10 years in English, Spanish and Portuguese. It was defined as the combination of descriptors the terms “meditation, self-regulation, attention” and “adolescent/adolescence/youth/teenager”. Results: From 430 results, seven semiexperimental studies published between 2011 and 2019 were selected, written in English. Meditation forms varied according to technique, duration, frequency and instructors' backgrounds, having in common the training with deep breath and straight posture. The vigilant and selective attention strands showed improvements soon after the intervention in the majority of the analysed studies, but there was no statistically significant change in spatial attention. After meditation, self-regulation suffered a short and long term positive impact, although impulsiveness indicators only showed reduction in the short term. Conclusion: This review has allowed to ascertain the evidence on improving attention and self-regulation through the practice of meditation by the young population, concluding that the number of studies is still scarce. Future studies should explore specific contingencies present in the practice of meditation that stimulate major neural mechanisms involved and promote the development of these cognitive functions.
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Keywords
Meditação Atenção Autorregulação Adolescência Juventude Meditation Attention Self-regulation Adolescence Youth