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Eficácia clínica de diferentes elixires orais utilizados no controlo da hipersensibilidade dentinária : revisão sistemática
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Introdução: A hipersensibilidade dentinária (HD) é uma condição clínica comum caracterizada por dor aguda e de curta duração face a estímulos <br/>externos, afetando negativamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Entre as estratégias de tratamento domiciliário, os elixires orais surgem como uma abordagem não invasiva e bastante prática. Objetivo: Avaliar a evidência científica atual sobre a eficácia clínica de diferentes elixires orais dessensibilizantes de uso doméstico no controlo e redução da dor em pacientes com HD. Material e Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática baseada nas diretrizes PRISMA, registada na plataforma PROSPERO (ID 1275998). A pesquisa bibliográfica foi efetuada nas bases de dados PubMed/MEDLINE®, Scopus® e ScienceDirect® para identificar ensaios clínicos randomizados e controlados (RCTs) publicados até janeiro de 2026, avaliando o uso de colutórios dessensibilizantes em adultos com HD. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos foi analisada através da ferramenta JBI Critical Appraisal Tool. Resultados: Foram incluídos 13 RCTs na síntese qualitativa, abrangendo uma amostra global de aproximadamente 2470 participantes. Os princípios ativos mais investigados foram o oxalato de potássio (KO/KOX), o nitrato de potássio (KNO₃) e a arginina a 0,8%. Globalmente, a maioria dos elixires demonstrou uma redução estatisticamente significativa da dor em comparação com os valores basais, embora a superioridade em relação ao placebo tenha variado devido à forte resposta placebo observada em alguns ensaios. A arginina a 0,8% apresentou o desempenho mais uniforme e superioridade direta face ao KNO₃. Formulações inovadoras com nanopartículas de dióxido de titânio (TiO₂) e extratos de plantas medicinais mostraram resultados promissores, mas evidência limitada. Conclusões: Os elixires orais são eficazes na redução da HD a curto e médio prazo (4 a 8 semanas), apresentando-se a arginina como o agente com maior consistência clínica. Contudo, persiste uma elevada heterogeneidade metodológica na literatura.
Introduction: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a common clinical condition characterized by short, sharp pain arising from exposed dentin in response to external stimuli, negatively impacting patients' quality of life. Among at-home management strategies, oral rinses represent a practical and non-invasive approach. Objective: To evaluate the current scientific evidence regarding the clinical efficacy of different desensitizing at-home mouthwashes in controlling and reducing pain in patients with DH. Material and Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines and registered in the PROSPERO platform (ID 1275998). A literature search was performed across PubMed/MEDLINE®, Scopus®, and ScienceDirect® databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to January 2026, evaluating the use of desensitizing mouthwashes in adults with DH. Methodological quality was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tool. Results: Thirteen RCTs were included in the qualitative synthesis, comprising a total sample of approximately 2,470 participants. The most frequently investigated active ingredients were potassium oxalate (KO/KOX), potassium nitrate (KNO₃), and 0.8% arginine. Overall, most mouthwashes demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in pain compared to baseline values , although superiority over placebo varied due to a strong placebo response observed in some trials. Arginine (0.8%) showed the most consistent performance and direct superiority over KNO₃. Innovative formulations containing titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles and herbal extracts showed promising results but limited evidence. Conclusions: Desensitizing oral rinses are effective in reducing DH in the short to medium term (4 to 8 weeks) , with arginine emerging as the agent with the highest clinical consistency. However, substantial methodological heterogeneity persists in the literature.
Introduction: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a common clinical condition characterized by short, sharp pain arising from exposed dentin in response to external stimuli, negatively impacting patients' quality of life. Among at-home management strategies, oral rinses represent a practical and non-invasive approach. Objective: To evaluate the current scientific evidence regarding the clinical efficacy of different desensitizing at-home mouthwashes in controlling and reducing pain in patients with DH. Material and Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines and registered in the PROSPERO platform (ID 1275998). A literature search was performed across PubMed/MEDLINE®, Scopus®, and ScienceDirect® databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to January 2026, evaluating the use of desensitizing mouthwashes in adults with DH. Methodological quality was assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tool. Results: Thirteen RCTs were included in the qualitative synthesis, comprising a total sample of approximately 2,470 participants. The most frequently investigated active ingredients were potassium oxalate (KO/KOX), potassium nitrate (KNO₃), and 0.8% arginine. Overall, most mouthwashes demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in pain compared to baseline values , although superiority over placebo varied due to a strong placebo response observed in some trials. Arginine (0.8%) showed the most consistent performance and direct superiority over KNO₃. Innovative formulations containing titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles and herbal extracts showed promising results but limited evidence. Conclusions: Desensitizing oral rinses are effective in reducing DH in the short to medium term (4 to 8 weeks) , with arginine emerging as the agent with the highest clinical consistency. However, substantial methodological heterogeneity persists in the literature.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Hipersensibilidade dentinária Colutórios Dentina Agentes dessensibilizantes Avaliação da dor Dentífricos Dentin hypersensitivity Desensitizing agents Dentin Mouthwashes Pain measurement Dentifrices
Contexto Educativo
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Licença CC
Sem licença CC