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Cancro hematopoiético associado ao trabalho
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Introdução/enquadramento/objetivos: As patologias oncológicas hematopoiéticas podem estar associadas a algumas condições de trabalho. A bibliografia sobre o tema não é muito exaustiva ou robusta e, por isso, os conhecimentos associados não estão muito desenvolvidos entre os profissionais da área e e/ou trabalhadores/chefias/empregadores. Pretende-se com esta revisão resumir o que de mais recente e pertinente se publicou sobre o tema. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma Revisão Bibliográfica, iniciada através de uma pesquisa realizada em janeiro de 2022 nas bases de dados “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina e RCAAP”. Conteúdo: Em ambiente laboral os agentes químicos mais relevantes (em relação à leucemia) são o benzeno, tetracloroetileno, estireno, clorofenois, aminas aromáticas, creosoto, crómio, arsénio, óxido de etileno, asbestos, agentes antineoplásicos e pesticidas. A International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) identificou mais de cem agentes químicos carcinogénicos e, destes, cerca de um quarto aumenta o risco de leucemia e linfoma. Esta entidade classifica o butadieno e o formaldeído (usados na indústria da produção de plástico, borracha e têxtil, por exemplo), como inseridos no grupo 1, ou seja, cancerígenos para humanos; ela publicou ainda que o benzeno, óxido de etileno, alguns pesticidas e o formaldeído como provavelmente ligados à leucemia (grupo 2a); bem como alguns tipos de radiação. Esta instituição salientou a existência de um maior risco hematopoiético relacionado com as atividades profissionais associadas à construção naval, produção de calçado e borracha, ainda que as conclusões não sejam consensuais entre investigadores. Por sua vez, o trabalho de limpeza de chaminés demonstrou estar associado a todos os tipos de cancro hematopoiético. Discussão e Conclusões: Existem alguns fatores de risco com associação suspeita ou comprovada em relação à etiologia de algumas patologias oncológicas hematopoiéticas. É fundamental que os profissionais do setor adquiram conhecimentos mínimos relativos ao que a escassa bibliografia descreve, de forma a ser possível planear medidas de proteção coletiva e individual que consigam atenuar o risco. Seria também interessante que algumas equipas de saúde e segurança ocupacionais, a exercer em instituições com trabalhadores expostos a estas condições de trabalho, conseguissem investigar o tema, lançando para a bibliografia dados inovadores e/ou mais completos dos que o que estão presentemente publicados.
Introduction/framework/objectives: Hematopoietic oncological pathologies may be associated with some work conditions. The bibliography on the subject is not very exhaustive and, therefore, the associated knowledge is not very developed among professionals in the area and/or workers/managers/employers. The aim of this review is to summarize the most recent and relevant publications on the subject. Methodology: This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in January 2022 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Content: In the work environment, the most relevant chemical agents in relation to leukemia are benzene, tetrachlorethylene, styrene, chlorophenols, aromatic amines, creosote, chromium, arsenic, ethylene oxide, asbestos, antineoplastic agents and pesticides. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has identified more than one hundred chemical carcinogens and, of these, about a quarter increase the risk of leukemia and lymphoma. This entity classifies butadiene and formaldehyde (used in the plastic, rubber and textile production industry, for example) as included in group 1, that is, carcinogenic to humans; she further published that benzene, ethylene oxide, some pesticides and formaldehyde as probably linked to leukemia (group 2a); as well as some types of radiation. This institution highlighted the existence of a greater hematopoietic risk related to professional activities associated with shipbuilding, footwear and rubber production, although the conclusions are not consensual among researchers. In turn, chimney sweeping work has been shown to be associated with all types of hematopoietic cancer. Discussion and Conclusions: There are some risk factors with suspected or proven association with the etiology of some hematopoietic oncological pathologies. It is essential that professionals in the sector acquire a minimum of knowledge regarding what the scarce bibliography describes, so that it is possible to plan collective and individual protection measures that manage to mitigate the risk. It would also be interesting if some occupational health and safety teams, working in institutions with workers exposed to these working conditions, were able to investigate the topic, releasing innovative and/or more complete data to the bibliography than what is currently published.
Introduction/framework/objectives: Hematopoietic oncological pathologies may be associated with some work conditions. The bibliography on the subject is not very exhaustive and, therefore, the associated knowledge is not very developed among professionals in the area and/or workers/managers/employers. The aim of this review is to summarize the most recent and relevant publications on the subject. Methodology: This is a Bibliographic Review, initiated through a search carried out in January 2022 in the databases “CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina and RCAAP”. Content: In the work environment, the most relevant chemical agents in relation to leukemia are benzene, tetrachlorethylene, styrene, chlorophenols, aromatic amines, creosote, chromium, arsenic, ethylene oxide, asbestos, antineoplastic agents and pesticides. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has identified more than one hundred chemical carcinogens and, of these, about a quarter increase the risk of leukemia and lymphoma. This entity classifies butadiene and formaldehyde (used in the plastic, rubber and textile production industry, for example) as included in group 1, that is, carcinogenic to humans; she further published that benzene, ethylene oxide, some pesticides and formaldehyde as probably linked to leukemia (group 2a); as well as some types of radiation. This institution highlighted the existence of a greater hematopoietic risk related to professional activities associated with shipbuilding, footwear and rubber production, although the conclusions are not consensual among researchers. In turn, chimney sweeping work has been shown to be associated with all types of hematopoietic cancer. Discussion and Conclusions: There are some risk factors with suspected or proven association with the etiology of some hematopoietic oncological pathologies. It is essential that professionals in the sector acquire a minimum of knowledge regarding what the scarce bibliography describes, so that it is possible to plan collective and individual protection measures that manage to mitigate the risk. It would also be interesting if some occupational health and safety teams, working in institutions with workers exposed to these working conditions, were able to investigate the topic, releasing innovative and/or more complete data to the bibliography than what is currently published.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cancro hematopoiético Hematopoietic cancer Leucemia Leukemia Linfoma Lymphoma Medicina do trabalho Mieloma múltiplo Multiple myeloma Occupational health Occupational medicine Saúde ocupacional
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Santos, M., Almeida, A., & Lopes, C. (2023). Cancro hematopoiético associado ao trabalho. Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional Online, (15), Article esub0385. https://doi.org/10.31252/RPSO.04.03.2023
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Licença CC
Sem licença CC