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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A menopausa é encarada como um acontecimento importante na vida de uma mulher,
pois marca o fim da fertilidade. Sendo uma etapa que engloba grandes mudanças, o
presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a relação entre as representações da
menopausa, a perda de recursos, o stress laboral e o bem-estar psicológico em mulheres
na menopausa. Adicionalmente também se pretende analisar as diferenças entre as
mulheres na pré menopausa e mulheres na menopausa ao nível das variáveis
psicossociais. Através de uma abordagem quantitativa e um desenho transversal,
descritivo e analítico, foi reunida uma amostra por conveniência de 71 mulheres
portuguesas, em fase de pré-menopausa e menopausa, entre os 45 e os 60 anos, que
preencheram questionários de autorrelato. Os instrumentos utilizados foram o
questionário sociodemográfico, Escala de Bem-estar Psicológico, o questionário de Stress
Ocupacional – Versão Geral, o questionário de Representações da Menopausa e o
questionário de Conservação de Recursos. A codificação e o tratamento dos dados foram
realizados no SPSS (versão 25.0), assim como toda a análise. Para testar as hipóteses,
foram aplicados testes de diferenças de médias (t-student), testes de correlação de
Pearson e foi ainda calculado um modelo de regressão linear. Os resultados permitiram
verificar que não existem diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as mulheres na
pré-menopausa e menopausa, quando comparadas as variáveis, representações da
menopausa, perda de recursos, stress laboral e bem-estar psicológico. Verificou-se uma
relação negativa entre a perda de recursos e o stress laboral com o bem-estar psicológico,
moderada e forte respetivamente. Por fim, verificou-se que as representações da
menopausa, o stress laboral e a perda de recursos em conjunto, explicam de forma
significativa o bem-estar psicológico, ou seja, o conjunto destas variáveis é preditor do
bem-estar psicológico. É importante a avaliação destas variáveis psicossociais na
menopausa, de modo a que no futuro seja possível elaborar estudos acerca das mesmas.
Menopause is seen as an important event in a woman's life, as it marks the end of fertility. Being a stage that encompasses major changes, the present study aimed to analyze the relationship between menopause representations, loss of resources, work stress and psychological well-being in menopausal women. Additionally, it is also intended to analyze the differences between premenopausal women and menopausal women in terms of psychosocial variables. Using a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical design, a convenience sample of 71 Portuguese women, in the premenopausal and menopausal stages, between 45 and 60 years of age, who completed selfreport questionnaires, was assembled. The instruments used were the sociodemographic questionnaire, the Psychological Well-Being Scale, the Occupational Stress questionnaire – General Version, the Menopause Representations questionnaire and the Resource Conservation questionnaire. Coding and processing of data were performed in SPSS (version 25.0), as well as the entire analysis. To test the hypotheses, tests of differences in means (t-student), Pearson's correlation tests were applied and a linear regression model was also calculated. The results made it possible to verify that there are no statistically significant differences between premenopausal and menopausal women, when comparing the variables, menopause representations, loss of resources, work stress and psychological well-being. There was a negative relationship between the loss of resources and work stress with psychological well-being, moderate and strong respectively. Finally, it was found that the representations of menopause, work stress and loss of resources together significantly explain psychological well-being, that is, the set of these variables is a predictor of psychological well-being. It is important to evaluate these psychosocial variables in menopause, so that in the future it will be possible to carry out studies about them.
Menopause is seen as an important event in a woman's life, as it marks the end of fertility. Being a stage that encompasses major changes, the present study aimed to analyze the relationship between menopause representations, loss of resources, work stress and psychological well-being in menopausal women. Additionally, it is also intended to analyze the differences between premenopausal women and menopausal women in terms of psychosocial variables. Using a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical design, a convenience sample of 71 Portuguese women, in the premenopausal and menopausal stages, between 45 and 60 years of age, who completed selfreport questionnaires, was assembled. The instruments used were the sociodemographic questionnaire, the Psychological Well-Being Scale, the Occupational Stress questionnaire – General Version, the Menopause Representations questionnaire and the Resource Conservation questionnaire. Coding and processing of data were performed in SPSS (version 25.0), as well as the entire analysis. To test the hypotheses, tests of differences in means (t-student), Pearson's correlation tests were applied and a linear regression model was also calculated. The results made it possible to verify that there are no statistically significant differences between premenopausal and menopausal women, when comparing the variables, menopause representations, loss of resources, work stress and psychological well-being. There was a negative relationship between the loss of resources and work stress with psychological well-being, moderate and strong respectively. Finally, it was found that the representations of menopause, work stress and loss of resources together significantly explain psychological well-being, that is, the set of these variables is a predictor of psychological well-being. It is important to evaluate these psychosocial variables in menopause, so that in the future it will be possible to carry out studies about them.
Description
Keywords
Menopausa Representações Perda de recursos Stress Bem-estar psicológico Menopause Representations Loss of resources Psychological well-being