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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A cicatrização de tecidos é um processo dinâmico, caracterizado por uma sequência de fases que se manifestam através de sinais e sintomas inflamatórios entre os quais o rubor, o edema, a dor e a perda de função1.
O quitosano é um polímero natural derivado da desacetilação da quitina com a capacidade de facilitar o processo regeneração e cicatrização de tecidos2. Possui, também, outras propriedades fundamentais tais como a biocompatibilidade, biodegrabilidade, capacidade hemostática e antimicrobiana3. O quitosano é solúvel em meio ácido e possui uma boa afinidade com os tecidos, podendo ser usado na forma de gel4,5.
Objetivos: O objetivo deste estudo experimental foi avaliar a influência do quitosano no processo de cicatrização da mucosa oral.
Materiais e Métodos: Este estudo experimental é do tipo split-mouth design. A população em estudo é constituída por 8 pacientes que foram submetidos a duas cirurgias, uma utilizando o quitosano e outra de controlo. A informação foi registada fotograficamente e recorrendo a uma ficha de controlo pós-operatório.
Resultados: Neste estudo, foram verificadas diferenças no processo de cicatrização da mucosa oral entre os casos de controlo e os casos em que foi utilizado o quitosano. Numa fase inicial, verificaram-se sinais e sintomas inflamatórios em ambos os casos, sendo que, naqueles em que foi administrado o quitosano, estes observaram-se num menor período de tempo. Nestes mesmos casos, também se observou uma diminuição da dor e ausência de hemorragia.
Conclusões: De acordo com a bibliografia e os resultados observados, o quitosano acelera a cicatrização através da atração e ativação dos neutrófilos e macrófagos e da estimulação da agiogénese6. Também devido às suas propriedades antimicrobiana e hemostática, conclui-se que o quitosano pode melhorar a qualidade pós-operatória dos pacientes, permitindo uma rápida cicatrização com menos complicações.
Introduction: The healing process is a dynamic procedure, characterized by a sequence of phases and accompanied by some classical symptoms of inflammation such as redness, swelling, pain and loss of function1. Chitosan, a naturally derived polymer from the deacetylation of chitin, has appropriate proprieties for the use in several biomedical fields that contributes to the tissue healing and regeneration2. Proprieties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, hemostatic, antimicrobial activity and the capacity to influence wound healing indicate that it could be applied in periodontal therapy such as the wound healing of the oral mucosa3. Chitosan is soluble in an acidic environment and exhibits excellent tissue affinity and consequently it could be used in hydrogel forms4,5. Aim: The aim of this experimental study is to assess possibilities of the chitosan to influence the healing process of the oral mucosa. Materials and Methods: This experimental pilot study is a split-mouth design of 8 patients where the studied group was subjected to two oral surgeries, one with chitosan hydrogel into the socket and other without biomaterial. The data was collected by means of a questionnaire and photography. Results: There were differences in the healing process of the oral mucosa in sites where chitosan was used compared to the control. Some classic signs of inflammation were observed in a short period of time where chitosan acts. In these cases it was observed a decrease in pain and absence of bleeding. Conclusions: According to the references and the obtained results chitosan favoured the healing process by attraction and activation of neutrophils and macrophages and stimulation of angiogenesis6. Other proprieties such as hemostatic and antimicrobial activity also play an important role in wound healing. All these peculiar abilities make the chitosan essential in a postoperative quality of patients, allowing a rapid healing of the wound, with less complications.
Introduction: The healing process is a dynamic procedure, characterized by a sequence of phases and accompanied by some classical symptoms of inflammation such as redness, swelling, pain and loss of function1. Chitosan, a naturally derived polymer from the deacetylation of chitin, has appropriate proprieties for the use in several biomedical fields that contributes to the tissue healing and regeneration2. Proprieties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, hemostatic, antimicrobial activity and the capacity to influence wound healing indicate that it could be applied in periodontal therapy such as the wound healing of the oral mucosa3. Chitosan is soluble in an acidic environment and exhibits excellent tissue affinity and consequently it could be used in hydrogel forms4,5. Aim: The aim of this experimental study is to assess possibilities of the chitosan to influence the healing process of the oral mucosa. Materials and Methods: This experimental pilot study is a split-mouth design of 8 patients where the studied group was subjected to two oral surgeries, one with chitosan hydrogel into the socket and other without biomaterial. The data was collected by means of a questionnaire and photography. Results: There were differences in the healing process of the oral mucosa in sites where chitosan was used compared to the control. Some classic signs of inflammation were observed in a short period of time where chitosan acts. In these cases it was observed a decrease in pain and absence of bleeding. Conclusions: According to the references and the obtained results chitosan favoured the healing process by attraction and activation of neutrophils and macrophages and stimulation of angiogenesis6. Other proprieties such as hemostatic and antimicrobial activity also play an important role in wound healing. All these peculiar abilities make the chitosan essential in a postoperative quality of patients, allowing a rapid healing of the wound, with less complications.
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Keywords
Quitosano Cicatrização Mucosa oral Cirurgia oral Chitosan Wound healing Oral mucosa Oral surgery