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O contributo de Karl Rahner para a teologia da graça
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A doutrina da graça é, em si mesma, uma temática permanentemente atual, pois refere-se ao que habita no âmago da humanidade, relacionando-a com o seu fim, bem como à sua relação com a divindade. Trata-se de um tema denso e, sobretudo, de cariz inefável, pois grande parte daquilo que aborda pertence a uma ordem de grandeza tal que transcende a compreensão humana. Consequentemente, devido à sua importância e complexidade, revelase como uma questão que necessita de aprofundamento constante para uma melhor compreensão do próprio ser humano. A densidade desta temática levou a múltiplas compreensões do que é a natureza humana, a graça de Deus e a relação entre ambas. Até ao século XX, alguns dos teólogos mais importantes para o desenvolvimento do Tratado da Graça foram: Agostinho de Hipona, Tomás de Aquino e Miguel Baio. Karl Rahner passa a integrar esta lista pela sua contribuição para a reflexão em torno destes temas abordando-os de uma nova forma. O teólogo alemão parte do ser humano identificando-o como um ser aberto à graça. Este método leva-o a afirmar que a natureza humana existente é uma natureza agraciada, colocando numa íntima relação a natureza e a graça. A justificação desta intimidade é a sua proposta de resolução da tensão presente na compreensão da relação entre a natureza e a graça.
The doctrine of grace is, in itself, a permanently relevant theme, as it pertains to what resides at the core of humanity, linking it to its ultimate purpose, as well as to its connection with the divine. It is a dense and, above all, ineffable topic, as much of what it addresses belongs to an order of magnitude that transcends human understanding. Consequently, due to its importance and complexity, it reveals itself as a matter that requires constant deepening for a better comprehension of the human being itself. The density of this theme has led to multiple understandings of what human nature is, the grace of God, and the relation between the two. Up until the 20th century, some of the most important theologians for the development of the Treatise on Grace were Augustine of Hippo, Thomas Aquinas and Michael Baius. Karl Rahner joins this list due to his contribution to the reflection on these topics, approaching them in a new way. The German theologian begins with the human being, identifying it as a being open to grace. This method leads him to assert that the existing human nature is a graced nature, placing nature and grace in an intimate relationship. The justification for this intimacy is his proposed resolution of the tension present in the understanding of the relationship between nature and grace.
The doctrine of grace is, in itself, a permanently relevant theme, as it pertains to what resides at the core of humanity, linking it to its ultimate purpose, as well as to its connection with the divine. It is a dense and, above all, ineffable topic, as much of what it addresses belongs to an order of magnitude that transcends human understanding. Consequently, due to its importance and complexity, it reveals itself as a matter that requires constant deepening for a better comprehension of the human being itself. The density of this theme has led to multiple understandings of what human nature is, the grace of God, and the relation between the two. Up until the 20th century, some of the most important theologians for the development of the Treatise on Grace were Augustine of Hippo, Thomas Aquinas and Michael Baius. Karl Rahner joins this list due to his contribution to the reflection on these topics, approaching them in a new way. The German theologian begins with the human being, identifying it as a being open to grace. This method leads him to assert that the existing human nature is a graced nature, placing nature and grace in an intimate relationship. The justification for this intimacy is his proposed resolution of the tension present in the understanding of the relationship between nature and grace.
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Karl Rahner Natureza Graça Sobrenatural Liberdade Visão beatífica Salvação Divinização Conhecimento Autocomunicação de Deus Experiência transcendental Existencial sobrenatural Nature Grace Supernatural Freedom Beatific vision Salvation Divinization Knowledge God's self-communication Transcendental experience Supernatural existential
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Without CC licence