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Abstract(s)
Os jovens adultos, e em particular os jovens universitários, pela sua maior autonomia são um grupo prioritário de intervenção, pela prevalência de comportamentos de risco com relevo na vivência da sua sexualidade. As consequências destes comportamentos têm reflexo numa utilização substancial da contraceção oral de emergência (COE), de consumo autorregulado, que não pode ser visto como inócuo para a saúde dos jovens e, em particular, no seu impacto no início da vida do ser humano. Como qualquer intervenção necessita de um conhecimento prévio da situação, o mais detalhado possível, estabelecemos como objetivo geral deste estudo, a caracterização da vivência da sexualidade dos estudantes do ensino superior, identificando as eventuais diferenças entre usuários e não usuários da COE. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo-correlacional, transversal e de abordagem quantitativa, que teve por base os estudantes universitários, de uma universidade da região norte de Portugal, num total de 1.164 estudantes. Como quisemos fazer uma avaliação da atitude e conhecimento acerca da COE de forma mais pragmática e com rigor científico, implementámos, para o efeito, um estudo preliminar para a tradução e validação de duas escalas para a população portuguesa - a “Knowledge-on-ECPs Scale” e a “ECPs-Attitude Scale”. Os resultados indicam que existe um grande número de jovens com uma vida sexual ativa (77,8%), em que os comportamentos de risco estão muito presentes (34,8%), nomeadamente pelo uso inconsistente dos métodos contracetivos, propiciando a existência de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis e gravidez indesejada. Os comportamentos protetores e/ou profiláticos no âmbito da saúde sexual e reprodutiva, são pouco mencionados pelos jovens, sendo que estes estão mais presentes no sexo feminino. O uso da COE está relacionado significativamente com os jovens universitários que: i) demonstraram uma atitude mais favorável em relação à COE; ii) detinham um conhecimento superior da COE; iii) tinham atitudes sexuais mais positivas e utilitárias; iv) valorizavam os motivos para fazer sexo; v) adotavam comportamentos de risco; vi) tinham mais idade; vii) não tiveram aulas de educação sexual. Realça-se, ainda, uma aparente correlação negativa, embora sem significado estatístico, entre o conhecimento e a atitude face à COE, que sugere que quanto maior é o conhecimento acerca da COE, menos favorável é a atitude em relação à mesma. Neste sentido, podemos inferir que a existência de uma atitude mais positiva entre os utilizadores da COE não se baseia em conhecimento efetivo, o que se confirma com o modesto conhecimento que registámos.
Young adults, and in particular university students, due to their greater autonomy, are a priority intervention group, due to the incidence of risk behaviors that are relevant while experiencing their sexuality. The consequences of these behaviors are reflected in a substantial use of oral emergency contraception (OEC), of self-regulated consumption, which cannot be seen as innocuous to the health of young people and specially in its impact on the beginning of human life. As any intervention requires a prior knowledge of the situation, as detailed as possible, we established as the general objective of this study, the characterization of the experience of sexuality of higher education students, identifying any differences between users and non-users of the OEC. This is a descriptive correlational, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, which was based on university students from a university in the northern region of Portugal, with a total of 1164 students. As we wanted to assess the attitude and knowledge about the OEC in a more pragmatic and scientific way, we implemented a preliminary study as to translate and validate two scales for the Portuguese population – the “Knowledge-on-ECPs Scale” and the “ECPs-Attitude Scale”. The results indicate that there is a significant number of young people with an active sexual life (77,8%), in which risk behaviors are very present (34,8%), namely, the inconsistent use of contraceptive methods, leading to the existence of sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancy. Protective and/or prophylactic behaviors in the context of sexual and reproductive health are rarely mentioned by young people, and especially among young women. The use of the OEC is significantly related to young university students who: i) demonstrated a more favorable attitude towards the OEC; ii) had superior knowledge of the OEC; iii) had more positive and utilitarian sexual attitudes; iv) valued the reasons for having sex; v) adopted risky behaviors; vi) were older; vii) did not have sex education classes. There is also an apparent negative correlation, although without any statistical significance, between knowledge and attitude towards the OEC, which suggests that a greater knowledge about the OEC, means a less favorable attitude towards it. In this sense, we can infer that the existence of a more positive attitude among the users of the OEC is not based on effective knowledge, which is confirmed by the modest knowledge we registered
Young adults, and in particular university students, due to their greater autonomy, are a priority intervention group, due to the incidence of risk behaviors that are relevant while experiencing their sexuality. The consequences of these behaviors are reflected in a substantial use of oral emergency contraception (OEC), of self-regulated consumption, which cannot be seen as innocuous to the health of young people and specially in its impact on the beginning of human life. As any intervention requires a prior knowledge of the situation, as detailed as possible, we established as the general objective of this study, the characterization of the experience of sexuality of higher education students, identifying any differences between users and non-users of the OEC. This is a descriptive correlational, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, which was based on university students from a university in the northern region of Portugal, with a total of 1164 students. As we wanted to assess the attitude and knowledge about the OEC in a more pragmatic and scientific way, we implemented a preliminary study as to translate and validate two scales for the Portuguese population – the “Knowledge-on-ECPs Scale” and the “ECPs-Attitude Scale”. The results indicate that there is a significant number of young people with an active sexual life (77,8%), in which risk behaviors are very present (34,8%), namely, the inconsistent use of contraceptive methods, leading to the existence of sexually transmitted diseases and unwanted pregnancy. Protective and/or prophylactic behaviors in the context of sexual and reproductive health are rarely mentioned by young people, and especially among young women. The use of the OEC is significantly related to young university students who: i) demonstrated a more favorable attitude towards the OEC; ii) had superior knowledge of the OEC; iii) had more positive and utilitarian sexual attitudes; iv) valued the reasons for having sex; v) adopted risky behaviors; vi) were older; vii) did not have sex education classes. There is also an apparent negative correlation, although without any statistical significance, between knowledge and attitude towards the OEC, which suggests that a greater knowledge about the OEC, means a less favorable attitude towards it. In this sense, we can infer that the existence of a more positive attitude among the users of the OEC is not based on effective knowledge, which is confirmed by the modest knowledge we registered
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Keywords
Anticonceção pós-coito Saúde sexual e reprodutiva Comportamentos de risco Estudantes universitários Postcoital contraception Sexual and reproductive health Risk behaviors University students