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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O Canal de Queluz, pertencente ao Palácio Nacional de Queluz, corresponde a um
trecho do Rio Jamor, afluente do Rio Tejo que desagua já no seu estuário.
Este canal constitui um património valioso, assim reconhecido, nacional e
internacionalmente. Em particular, o trecho conhecido como Canal de Azulejos, cujas paredes
são revestidas por painéis de azulejos policromos, com representação de cenas galantes. Quando
as comportas se fechavam, criava-se um espelho de água, associado a animação de exteriores.
As comportas foram removidas na sequência da cheia excepcional de 1967, mas o canal
mantém praticamente a forma original, que data do século XVIII.
O Canal de Queluz tem sido vítima de cheias esporádicas, algumas de dimensão
catastrófica. Na sequência de algumas dessas cheias, realizaram-se alguns pareceres, e.g., os
estudos efectuados por Hidrotécnica Portuguesa (HP, 1995) e LNEC (Rocha e Fernandes,
2006).
Este trabalho dá continuidade à Monografia realizada anteriormente (Pires, 2013), com
vista a: a) contribuir para um melhor conhecimento dos problemas hidráulicos que ocorrem no
Canal de Queluz, b) aprofundar os estudos efectuados por Hidrotécnica Portuguesa (HP, 1995) e
LNEC (Rocha e Fernandes, 2006), colmatando algumas das suas lacunas, c) identificar,
diagnosticar e resolver problemas específicos que afectam este trecho. Ele resulta de uma
solicitação feita pela Sociedade Parques de Sintra - Monte da Lua (PSML), quem gere este
espaço museológico.
Para a análise do escoamento e análises de sensibilidade, recorreu-se a HEC-RAS, um
programa do USCE (EUA) consagrado pela crítica internacional da especialidade.
Para o cálculo dos caudais de ponta de cheia, apresentam-se dois métodos empíricos dos
mais conhecidos - Método Racional e Hidrograma de Giandotti.
Finalmente, sugerem-se algumas recomendações relativas a este trecho do Rio Jamor.
Queluz Canal, in the National Palace of Queluz (PNQ), corresponds to the reach within the precincts of the Palace of Jamor River, a tributary of Tejo River, in its final reach, the estuary. This Canal is a valuable monument, recognized both nationally and internationally. In particular, the sub-reach known as Azulejo Canal, whose walls are covered with azulejo tiles, depicting a sequence of river scenes and seascapes. Fed by the stream, the gates were closed in the summer, the channel filled with water, and the circulation in boats was a form of entertainment, together with the animation of exteriors. The mechanical floodgate system was dismantled in the 1990’s, but the canal remains basically in the original form, dating from the eighteenth century. This Canal has been suffering from occasional floods, some catastrophic. As a result, some studies were conducted, as those reported by Hidrotécnica Portuguesa (HP, 1995) and LNEC (Rocha e Fernandes, 2006). This work came from a request made by Parques de Sintra - Monte da Lua (PSML), the state owned company who manages PNQ. It aims to deepen the work done in the preceding Monograph (Pires, 2013), in order to: a) contribute to a better understanding of relevant hydraulic problems that occur in Queluz Canal; b) develop the studies carried out by Hidrotécnica Portuguesa (HP, 1995) and LNEC (Rocha e Fernandes, 2006), filling in existing gaps and overcoming technical errors; c) identify, diagnose and recommend sustainable management solutions to this reach. For flow analyses and sensitivity analyzes, to determine the robustness of the results, HEC-RAS was used, an internationally acclaimed numerical program developed by the US Corps of Engineers (USCE), which models the hydraulics of open-channel flow. Two simple empirical methods were used to estimate the peak flows – The Rational Method and Giandotti’s Hydrograph. Finally, a set of recommendations are drawn. Keywords:
Queluz Canal, in the National Palace of Queluz (PNQ), corresponds to the reach within the precincts of the Palace of Jamor River, a tributary of Tejo River, in its final reach, the estuary. This Canal is a valuable monument, recognized both nationally and internationally. In particular, the sub-reach known as Azulejo Canal, whose walls are covered with azulejo tiles, depicting a sequence of river scenes and seascapes. Fed by the stream, the gates were closed in the summer, the channel filled with water, and the circulation in boats was a form of entertainment, together with the animation of exteriors. The mechanical floodgate system was dismantled in the 1990’s, but the canal remains basically in the original form, dating from the eighteenth century. This Canal has been suffering from occasional floods, some catastrophic. As a result, some studies were conducted, as those reported by Hidrotécnica Portuguesa (HP, 1995) and LNEC (Rocha e Fernandes, 2006). This work came from a request made by Parques de Sintra - Monte da Lua (PSML), the state owned company who manages PNQ. It aims to deepen the work done in the preceding Monograph (Pires, 2013), in order to: a) contribute to a better understanding of relevant hydraulic problems that occur in Queluz Canal; b) develop the studies carried out by Hidrotécnica Portuguesa (HP, 1995) and LNEC (Rocha e Fernandes, 2006), filling in existing gaps and overcoming technical errors; c) identify, diagnose and recommend sustainable management solutions to this reach. For flow analyses and sensitivity analyzes, to determine the robustness of the results, HEC-RAS was used, an internationally acclaimed numerical program developed by the US Corps of Engineers (USCE), which models the hydraulics of open-channel flow. Two simple empirical methods were used to estimate the peak flows – The Rational Method and Giandotti’s Hydrograph. Finally, a set of recommendations are drawn. Keywords:
Description
Keywords
Rio Jamor Palácio Nacional de Queluz Canal de Queluz Parques de Sintra–Monte da Lua Engenharia fluvial Modelação numérica Jamor River Queluz National Palace Queluz Canal River engineering Numerical modelling