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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O Estado Português, em prol de razões históricas, socioeconómicas, culturais e de
solidariedade, é um dos apoiantes no que concerne à melhoria da qualidade do estado de
Saúde dos cidadãos oriundos dos Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa (PALOP),
sendo a assistência médica em Portugal, considerada como um “eixo estratégico importante no
reforço da cooperação internacional no domínio da saúde” (Direcção Geral de Saúde, 2008).
O estabelecimento de Acordos de Cooperação no Domínio da Saúde entre o Governo
Português e os dos PALOP conduz a que, anualmente, Portugal se depare com um número
considerável de crianças/famílias oriundas destes países para realização de tratamento. No
entanto, os referidos acordos, nem sempre respondem às necessidades destas
crianças/famílias, deparando-se as mesmas com diversos impedimentos aquando do acesso
aos cuidados de saúde no país de acolhimento (Alves e Namora, 2010).
Os enfermeiros, no decorrer do seu quotidiano, deparam-se com a necessidade de
prestação de cuidados transculturais, podendo emergir destes algumas dificuldades, não só de
comunicação, mas também de cariz cultural, religioso e de valores entre a criança/ família que
cuidam e os próprios, dado que também têm os seus próprios valores, crenças e cultura. Este
tipo de situações é frequente e a compreensão de algumas particularidades inerentes, poderá
conduzir ao estabelecimento de um clima de confiança e empatia, evitando conflitos, facilitando
a adesão ao tratamento e aumentando o grau de satisfação por parte da criança/família
oriunda dos PALOP.
Neste sentido, surge o presente Relatório, na sequência de um Projecto de Estágio que
se operacionalizou em dois módulos distintos, nos quais o agir do mestrando, segundo uma
metodologia descritiva, analítica e reflexiva, foi direccionado para o Cuidar a Criança/Família
oriunda dos PALOP, em contexto de Cuidados de Saúde Primários e Cuidados Diferenciados,
tendo subjacente o modelo teórico proposto por Madeleine Leininger (Teoria da Diversidade e
Universalidade). Pretende-se assim, demonstrar as competências desenvolvidas que
permitiram contribuir para uma resposta à problemática apresentada e às necessidades destas
crianças famílias, centrando-se os cuidados “(...) nas respostas humanas às transições vividas
pelas pessoas e famílias ao longo do ciclo vital usando conhecimento gerado pela investigação
e teoria de enfermagem (para onde aponta a enfermagem avançada)” (Silva, 2007:19).
Existe ainda um longo caminho a percorrer, no entanto, acredita-se que com a
realização deste trabalho, pequenos passos foram dados no sentido da promoção de boas
práticas na abordagem à criança/família oriunda dos PALOP, sensibilizando-se os profissionais
de saúde para a problemática e a indispensabilidade de inclusão dos aspectos culturais nos
cuidados, facilitando-se o acesso/encaminhamento aos serviços de saúde e acima de tudo,
promovendo-se a humanização do cuidar destas crianças/famílias.
The Portuguese State, in order with historical, social-economics, cultural and solidarity reasons, is one of the supporters in what regards the improvement of the healthcare of the citizens from the African Countries of Portuguese as Official Language (ACPOL), being the medical assistance in Portugal, considered as an "important strategic tool in the reinforce of the international cooperation in the Health domain" (Direcção Geral de Saúde, 2008). The establishment of Cooperation Accords in the Health Domain between the Portuguese Government and the ones of the ACPOL, result that, annually, Portugal faces a considerable number of children/families from these countries for the realization of treatments. Meanwhile, the referred accords, not always answer the needs of those children/families, who will face several obstacles when they'll try to get access to healthcare in the hosting country (Alves e Namora, 2010). Nurses, during their everyday work, face the need of offering transcultural cares, with the risk of the emerging of some difficulties, not only in terms of communication, but as well of cultural nature, religious and values between the child/family that are taking care of and themselves, knowing that they have as well their own values, beliefs and culture. This type of situation is frequent and the understanding of some specific details can drive to a establishment of an environment of trust and reliance, avoiding this way possible conflicts, and becoming easier the engage with the treatment and raising the level of satisfaction of the child/family from the ACPOL. In this way arrives the present report, in the sequence of a Probation Project that took place in two distinct modules, in which the action of the Masters' student, following a descriptive, analytic and reflexive methodology, was driven to the Care a Child/Family from the ACPOL, in context of Primary Healthcare and Differentiated Cares, having as base, the theory of the model proposed by Madeleine Leininger (Theory of Diversity and Universality). It is pretended to show the developed competences that allowed to contribute to an answer for the presented problematic and to the needs of those children/families, focusing the cares "in the human answers to the experienced transitions by the persons and families all along their vital cycle using knowledge generated through investigation and nursing theory (where the advanced nursing is pointing at)" (Silva, 2007:19). It still exists a long way to run, meanwhile, there is the belief that with the realization of this work, little steps were made towards the promotion of good actions in the approach to the child/family from the ACPOL, appealing conscientiously the healthcare professionals for the problematic and the main necessity of the inclusion of cultural aspects in the cares, becoming easier the access/orientation at the healthcare services, and most of all, promoting the human side of the care of these children/families.
The Portuguese State, in order with historical, social-economics, cultural and solidarity reasons, is one of the supporters in what regards the improvement of the healthcare of the citizens from the African Countries of Portuguese as Official Language (ACPOL), being the medical assistance in Portugal, considered as an "important strategic tool in the reinforce of the international cooperation in the Health domain" (Direcção Geral de Saúde, 2008). The establishment of Cooperation Accords in the Health Domain between the Portuguese Government and the ones of the ACPOL, result that, annually, Portugal faces a considerable number of children/families from these countries for the realization of treatments. Meanwhile, the referred accords, not always answer the needs of those children/families, who will face several obstacles when they'll try to get access to healthcare in the hosting country (Alves e Namora, 2010). Nurses, during their everyday work, face the need of offering transcultural cares, with the risk of the emerging of some difficulties, not only in terms of communication, but as well of cultural nature, religious and values between the child/family that are taking care of and themselves, knowing that they have as well their own values, beliefs and culture. This type of situation is frequent and the understanding of some specific details can drive to a establishment of an environment of trust and reliance, avoiding this way possible conflicts, and becoming easier the engage with the treatment and raising the level of satisfaction of the child/family from the ACPOL. In this way arrives the present report, in the sequence of a Probation Project that took place in two distinct modules, in which the action of the Masters' student, following a descriptive, analytic and reflexive methodology, was driven to the Care a Child/Family from the ACPOL, in context of Primary Healthcare and Differentiated Cares, having as base, the theory of the model proposed by Madeleine Leininger (Theory of Diversity and Universality). It is pretended to show the developed competences that allowed to contribute to an answer for the presented problematic and to the needs of those children/families, focusing the cares "in the human answers to the experienced transitions by the persons and families all along their vital cycle using knowledge generated through investigation and nursing theory (where the advanced nursing is pointing at)" (Silva, 2007:19). It still exists a long way to run, meanwhile, there is the belief that with the realization of this work, little steps were made towards the promotion of good actions in the approach to the child/family from the ACPOL, appealing conscientiously the healthcare professionals for the problematic and the main necessity of the inclusion of cultural aspects in the cares, becoming easier the access/orientation at the healthcare services, and most of all, promoting the human side of the care of these children/families.
Description
Keywords
Criança-família Cultura PALOP Enfermagem Child-family Culture ACPOL Nursing