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Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho final de mestrado teve como principais objetivos: i) analisar a competitividade da atividade leite e a viabilidade das explorações de leite localizadas no Litoral Norte e Centro do país; e ii) analisar o impacto de uma alteração do plano alimentar na competitividade da atividade leite e na viabilidade das referidas explorações.
A metodologia utilizada para responder às questões fez uso do modelo de leite desenvolvido pela Comissão Europeia e contemplou um estudo de caso conduzido a 12 explorações associadas da LEICAR.
Os resultados do cenário base mostram que, em média, as 12 explorações analisadas não são competitivas no que refere à atividade leite que desenvolvem e são viáveis se não forem considerados os encargos com o capital próprio (que inclui a terra própria). Considerando estes últimos encargos, em média, as 6 explorações com um menor efetivo não são viáveis. A análise de sensibilidade mostra uma maior elasticidade dos indicadores de competitividade da atividade leite em relação aos indicadores de viabilidade das explorações, no que refere aos preços do leite e da compra de alimentos. As ajudas da PAC são tanto menos importantes para a viabilidade das explorações quanto maior é a dimensão do efetivo das mesmas.
Os resultados do cenário alimentar mostram melhorias significativas nos indicadores de competitividade e viabilidade das explorações. As 6 explorações com um maior efetivo são, em média, competitivas na atividade leite, ao contrário das 6 explorações com um menor efetivo. No que refere à viabilidade, das 12 explorações analisadas apenas uma não é viável com o cenário alimentar considerado. Quando comparados os ganhos das explorações devidos ao cenário alimentar com os pagamentos diretos da PAC recebidos em 2013, os ganhos mais do que ultrapassam os referidos pagamentos.
This master final work had two main objectives: i) to analyze the competitiveness of the milk activity and the viability of dairy farms located in the Littoral North and Center territory of the country; and ii) to analyze the impact of a change in animals’ diet on the competitiveness of the milk activity developed and viability of the farms. The methodology used to answer the questions made use of the milk model developed by the European Commission and included a case study conducted on 12 farms associated of LEICAR. Baseline scenario results show that, on average, the 12 farms are not competitive regarding their milk activity. All farms are viable we do not consider the opportunity cost of family owned capital (including family land). Otherwise the 6 farms with less dairy cows are not viable. The sensitivity analysis shows a greater elasticity of the indicators of competitiveness of the milk activity when compared with the indicators of farm viability, in what refers to milk and feeds’ prices. CAP direct payments are less important to the viability of large scale farms. The results of the food scenario show significant improvements in competitiveness and viability indicators of farms. The 6 farms with more dairy cows are, on average, competitive in the milk activity, as opposed to the 6 farms with less dairy cows. Regarding viability, of the 12 farms analyzed only 1 is not viable with the food scenario. When comparing the extra earnings obtained by farms with the food scenario with direct CAP payments received by farms in 2013, extra earnings exceed the CAP payments in magnitude.
This master final work had two main objectives: i) to analyze the competitiveness of the milk activity and the viability of dairy farms located in the Littoral North and Center territory of the country; and ii) to analyze the impact of a change in animals’ diet on the competitiveness of the milk activity developed and viability of the farms. The methodology used to answer the questions made use of the milk model developed by the European Commission and included a case study conducted on 12 farms associated of LEICAR. Baseline scenario results show that, on average, the 12 farms are not competitive regarding their milk activity. All farms are viable we do not consider the opportunity cost of family owned capital (including family land). Otherwise the 6 farms with less dairy cows are not viable. The sensitivity analysis shows a greater elasticity of the indicators of competitiveness of the milk activity when compared with the indicators of farm viability, in what refers to milk and feeds’ prices. CAP direct payments are less important to the viability of large scale farms. The results of the food scenario show significant improvements in competitiveness and viability indicators of farms. The 6 farms with more dairy cows are, on average, competitive in the milk activity, as opposed to the 6 farms with less dairy cows. Regarding viability, of the 12 farms analyzed only 1 is not viable with the food scenario. When comparing the extra earnings obtained by farms with the food scenario with direct CAP payments received by farms in 2013, extra earnings exceed the CAP payments in magnitude.
Description
Keywords
Explorações de leite Litoral Norte e Centro Plano alimentar Benchmarking Competitividade Viabilidade Dairy farms Littoral North and Center Meal plan Competitiveness Viability