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Desafios e soluções na proteção hidrófuga de superficies graníticas : abordagem laboratorial à definição de protocolos de aplicação
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A presente investigação aborda os desafios e soluções que a conservação de materiais pétreos enfrenta no que diz respeito à proteção hidrófuga de granitos, suporte material de múltiplos bens culturais portugueses, de Norte a Sul do país. A água é identificada como um dos principais fatores de degradação destes materiais, atuando tanto diretamente, quanto como veículo de outros agentes de deterioração, como poluentes atmosféricos, sais solúveis e colonização biológica. A particular vulnerabilidade e/ou exposição de superfícies graníticas à água torna muitas vezes necessária a aplicação de hidrófugos, sendo que o desenvolvimento de hidrófugos nanotecnológicos, oferece soluções inovadoras para a conservação de materiais pétreos cuja adequabilidade importa avaliar em contexto de intervenção. Pese embora a eficácia e a compatibilidade deste tipo de produtos em materiais graníticos tenham já sido demonstradas, é importante para a Conservação e Restauro ajuizar, sempre que possível, a aplicabilidade e a adequação de novos produtos nos seus casos em particular; de forma a otimizar as soluções técnicas à sua disposição. Assim, foi implementado um programa de ensaios para análise comparativa da eficácia e compatibilidade de dois produtos hidrófugos, com e sem a adição de biocida, num granito com características que o tornam particularmente vulnerável a este agente de degradação. A avaliação da durabilidade foi realizada sujeitando os provetes tratados a um ataque salino. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que a aplicação de hidrófugos nanotecnológicos pode ser uma solução eficaz para mitigar o acesso de água a superfícies graníticas, sem gerar incompatibilidades visuais. O produto testado sem ação biocida sobressaiu como mais eficaz em termos de hidrorrepelência, antes e após ataque salino; tendo sido igualmente notado que a aplicação de camadas extra não parece contribuir para um aumento da eficácia ou da durabilidade dos tratamentos de forma significativa. A aplicação dos ensaios em ambiente laboratorial permitiu algumas considerações sobre a sua aplicabilidade no terreno, bem como a proposta de uma metodologia acessível para a medição de ângulos de contacto quando não haja possibilidade de acesso a equipamentos laboratoriais específicos.
This research addresses the challenges and solutions related to the conservation of stone materials, focusing specifically on the hydrophobic protection of granite — a common substrate in Portuguese cultural heritage, from the north to the south of the country. Water is identified as one of the main agents of degradation for these materials, acting both directly and as a vehicle for other harmful agents such as atmospheric pollutants, soluble salts, and biological colonization. The particular vulnerability and/or exposure of granite surfaces to water often necessitates the application of water repellents (hydrophobic treatments). In this context, the development of nanotechnological water repellents presents innovative solutions for the conservation of stone materials, though their suitability must be carefully assessed in intervention scenarios. Although the effectiveness and compatibility of such products with granite have already been demonstrated, it remains essential in the field of Conservation and Restoration to evaluate the applicability and adequacy of new products in specific cases, in order to optimize the technical solutions available. Therefore, a testing program was implemented to comparatively assess the effectiveness and compatibility of two water repellent products — one with and one without added biocide — on a type of granite particularly susceptible to water-related degradation. The durability of the treatments was evaluated by subjecting treated samples to salt attack. The results show that nanotechnological water repellents can be an effective solution for reducing water ingress into granite surfaces without causing visible incompatibilities. The product without biocidal action proved more effective in terms of water repellency, both before and after salt exposure. It was also observed that applying additional layers did not significantly improve the effectiveness or durability of the treatments. The laboratory-based tests enabled some considerations regarding their practical applicability in the field, including the proposal of an accessible methodology for measuring contact angles in situations where specific laboratory equipment is unavailable
This research addresses the challenges and solutions related to the conservation of stone materials, focusing specifically on the hydrophobic protection of granite — a common substrate in Portuguese cultural heritage, from the north to the south of the country. Water is identified as one of the main agents of degradation for these materials, acting both directly and as a vehicle for other harmful agents such as atmospheric pollutants, soluble salts, and biological colonization. The particular vulnerability and/or exposure of granite surfaces to water often necessitates the application of water repellents (hydrophobic treatments). In this context, the development of nanotechnological water repellents presents innovative solutions for the conservation of stone materials, though their suitability must be carefully assessed in intervention scenarios. Although the effectiveness and compatibility of such products with granite have already been demonstrated, it remains essential in the field of Conservation and Restoration to evaluate the applicability and adequacy of new products in specific cases, in order to optimize the technical solutions available. Therefore, a testing program was implemented to comparatively assess the effectiveness and compatibility of two water repellent products — one with and one without added biocide — on a type of granite particularly susceptible to water-related degradation. The durability of the treatments was evaluated by subjecting treated samples to salt attack. The results show that nanotechnological water repellents can be an effective solution for reducing water ingress into granite surfaces without causing visible incompatibilities. The product without biocidal action proved more effective in terms of water repellency, both before and after salt exposure. It was also observed that applying additional layers did not significantly improve the effectiveness or durability of the treatments. The laboratory-based tests enabled some considerations regarding their practical applicability in the field, including the proposal of an accessible methodology for measuring contact angles in situations where specific laboratory equipment is unavailable
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Hidrófugos Nanopartículas Granito de Vila Real Eficácia Durabilidade Compatibilidade Património cultural Water repellent Nanoparticles Vila Real granite Effectiveness Durability Compatibility Cultural heritage
Contexto Educativo
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Licença CC
Sem licença CC