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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A legislação da maioria dos países vem sendo alterada nas últimas décadas para garantir o
superior interesse da criança de manter o vínculo afetivo com ambos os progenitores após a
rutura conjugal, com base nos resultados dos mais recentes estudos das Ciências
Psicossociais. Acompanhando esta tendência, em 2008 a lei portuguesa tornou regra o
exercício conjunto das responsabilidades parentais quanto às questões de maior
importância na vida da criança. No presente estudo, de cariz qualitativo, procedeu-se à
análise temática de 50 acórdãos julgados pelos Tribunais de Relação Portugueses, no
período entre de 31 de outubro de 2008 e 31 de agosto de 2016, que abordaram questões
relativas ao exercício das responsabilidades parentais, com aplicação da Lei n.º 61/2008, de
31 de outubro. Através de uma abordagem interdisciplinar e por meio de pesquisa
jurisprudencial, pretendeu-se investigar se os Tribunais de Relação Portugueses estão a
decidir o exercício das responsabilidades parentais em conformidade com as recentes
alterações legislativas e se as decisões se encontram fundamentadas nos resultados dos
recentes estudos científicos sobre o tema.
A partir dos resultados foi possível constatar que o discurso judicial nos processos de
regulação do exercício das responsabilidades parentais ainda sofre influência de mitos e
crenças, que muitas vezes colidem com os princípios do superior interesse do menor, da
igualdade de géneros e com o resultado dos recentes estudos científicos, verificando grande
resistência à aplicação da residência alternada. Os resultados apontam para a importância
da interação entre o Direito, a Psicologia e a Sociologia nas decisões que regulam as
responsabilidades parentais, sobretudo para fornecer aos Magistrados suporte científico
para a concretização do princípio do superior interesse da criança.
O maior desafio a ser enfrentado na defesa do superior interesse superior da criança é a
promoção da resolução do conflito interparental, que surgiu nos acórdãos como o maior
obstáculo para um desfecho positivo do processo de regulação das responsabilidades
parentais, reforçando a necessidade de se dissociar a conjugalidade da parentalidade.
Espera-se que o presente estudo possa contribuir para uma reflexão sobre a importância de
as decisões sobre o exercício das responsabilidades parentais serem tomadas através da
interdisciplinariedade das ciências do Direito, Psicologia e Sociologia, como fo
The law in most countries are changing from the last decades in order to assure the child's best interests to keep the affective bonds with both parents after the end of their relationship, basing on the latest results of Phsycogical and Social Science studies. Following this trend, in 2008 the portuguese law made the shared parental responsibility a rule, concerning the most important questions in a child’s life. In the current study, of qualitative nature, a thematic analysis was made with 50 court rulings of the Portugueses Courts of Appeal, in the period between 31 October of 2008 and 31 August of 2016, which approached the exercise of parental responsibilities subject, with an application of the Law n.º 61/2008, 31st of October. Through an interdisciplinary approach and by a jurisprudence research, this study aims to investigate if the Portugueses Courts of Appeal are deciding the exercise of parental responsibilities according with the most recent changes in legislation and if the decisions are fundamented in the latest scientific studies results about the theme. From the results were possible to note that the judicial speech in the parental responsibility proceedings still suffers influences from myths and beliefs, that most of the times confront with the principles of the best interests of the child, gender equality and with the latest scientific studies results, noting high resistance to the application of the alternate residence. The results point to the importante of the interaction between Law, Phsycology and Sociology in decisions that regulates the parental responsibilities, overall to provide to the Judges scientific support to achieve the principle of the best interests of the child. The biggest challenge to be confronted in the defense of the child´s best interests is the promotion of the interparental conflict´s resolution, that emerged in the decisions as the biggest obstacle for a positive outcome for the proceedings of regulating the exercise of parental responsibilities, re-enforicng the need to separate the conjugality of the parenthood. It expected that the present study can contribute to a reflection about the importance of the decisions about the exercise of parental responsibilities will be taken through the Interdisciplinarity sciences of Law, Phsycology and Sociology, in order to guarantee that the best childs interest is fulfilled in each particular case.
The law in most countries are changing from the last decades in order to assure the child's best interests to keep the affective bonds with both parents after the end of their relationship, basing on the latest results of Phsycogical and Social Science studies. Following this trend, in 2008 the portuguese law made the shared parental responsibility a rule, concerning the most important questions in a child’s life. In the current study, of qualitative nature, a thematic analysis was made with 50 court rulings of the Portugueses Courts of Appeal, in the period between 31 October of 2008 and 31 August of 2016, which approached the exercise of parental responsibilities subject, with an application of the Law n.º 61/2008, 31st of October. Through an interdisciplinary approach and by a jurisprudence research, this study aims to investigate if the Portugueses Courts of Appeal are deciding the exercise of parental responsibilities according with the most recent changes in legislation and if the decisions are fundamented in the latest scientific studies results about the theme. From the results were possible to note that the judicial speech in the parental responsibility proceedings still suffers influences from myths and beliefs, that most of the times confront with the principles of the best interests of the child, gender equality and with the latest scientific studies results, noting high resistance to the application of the alternate residence. The results point to the importante of the interaction between Law, Phsycology and Sociology in decisions that regulates the parental responsibilities, overall to provide to the Judges scientific support to achieve the principle of the best interests of the child. The biggest challenge to be confronted in the defense of the child´s best interests is the promotion of the interparental conflict´s resolution, that emerged in the decisions as the biggest obstacle for a positive outcome for the proceedings of regulating the exercise of parental responsibilities, re-enforicng the need to separate the conjugality of the parenthood. It expected that the present study can contribute to a reflection about the importance of the decisions about the exercise of parental responsibilities will be taken through the Interdisciplinarity sciences of Law, Phsycology and Sociology, in order to guarantee that the best childs interest is fulfilled in each particular case.
Description
Keywords
Responsabilidades parentais Regulação do exercício das responsabilidades parentais Exercício conjunto das responsabilidades parentais Residência alternada Residência única Superior interesse da criança Igualdade de géneros Jurisprudência Parental responsabilities Regulating the exercise of parental responsibilities Shared parental responsibility Dual residences Sole residence Best child´s interest Gender equality Jurisprudence