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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A pandemia de COVID-19 trouxe a necessidade da tomada de medidas com vista à promoção da
saúde pública e à prevenção do contágio. Todos os espetáculos desportivos, incluindo jogos de
futebol, foram interditados de acesso por parte do público, realizando-se sem adeptos nas bancadas.
O presente estudo exploratório, de abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa, teve como objetivo
conhecer a forma como os adeptos de futebol percecionaram o impacto que a interdição de público
nos estádios de futebol teve no seu bem-estar. Participaram nesta investigação 431 adeptos de
futebol (71% homens) residentes em Portugal, com idades entre os 18 e os 74 anos. Os dados foram
recolhidos através de questionário online, que incluiu questões de caracterização sociodemográfica
e de caracterização do tipo de adepto; escalas Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) e Mental
Health Continnum Short Form (MHCF-SF), adaptadas para avaliar o bem-estar subjetivo neste
contexto particular, bem como algumas questões abertas. Concluiu-se que a interdição de público
nos estádios de futebol teve um impacto negativo no bem-estar subjetivo dos adeptos, sobretudo
em participantes com elevado grau de afeição ao clube. As temáticas emergentes do processo de
análise de conteúdo comprovaram os efeitos negativos no bem-estar subjetivo, evidenciando as
áreas em que o mesmo foi mais sentido, nomeadamente na alteração e quebra de rotinas, aos
sentimentos e emoções percecionados e à impossibilidade de manifestar apoio à equipa. As
implicações do estudo remetem para a importância que assistir presencialmente aos jogos de
futebol tem no bem-estar subjetivo dos respetivos adeptos. Investigações futuras são necessárias
no sentido de sustentar estes resultados, estudando de forma mais aprofundada o impacto que o
futebol assume no bem-estar junto dos seus adeptos, independentemente do contexto pandémico
que emoldurou a nossa investigação.
The COVID-19 pandemic brought the need to take measures to promote public health and prevent contagion. All sports shows, including football matches, were banned from access by the public, taking place without fans in the stands. This exploratory study, with a quantitative and qualitative approach, aimed to know how football fans perceived the impact that the ban on the public in football stadiums had on their well-being. A total of 431 football fans (71% men) living in Portugal, aged between 18 and 74 years old, participated in this investigation. Data were collected through an online questionnaire, which included questions on sociodemographic characterization and characterization of the type of supporter; Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) and Mental Health Continnum Short Form (MHCF-SF), adapted to assess subjective well-being in this context, as well as some open-ended questions. It was concluded that the ban on the public in football stadiums had a negative impact on the subjective well-being of supporters, especially on participants with a high degree of affection for the club. The themes emerging from the content analysis process proved the negative effects on subjective well-being, highlighting the areas in which it was most felt, namely in the change and break of routines, the perceived feelings and emotions and the impossibility of expressing support for the team. The implications of the study refer to the importance that attending football matches in person has on the subjective well-being of the respective supporters. Future investigations are necessary to support these results, studying in more depth the impact that football has on the well-being of its fans, regardless of the pandemic context that framed our investigation.
The COVID-19 pandemic brought the need to take measures to promote public health and prevent contagion. All sports shows, including football matches, were banned from access by the public, taking place without fans in the stands. This exploratory study, with a quantitative and qualitative approach, aimed to know how football fans perceived the impact that the ban on the public in football stadiums had on their well-being. A total of 431 football fans (71% men) living in Portugal, aged between 18 and 74 years old, participated in this investigation. Data were collected through an online questionnaire, which included questions on sociodemographic characterization and characterization of the type of supporter; Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) and Mental Health Continnum Short Form (MHCF-SF), adapted to assess subjective well-being in this context, as well as some open-ended questions. It was concluded that the ban on the public in football stadiums had a negative impact on the subjective well-being of supporters, especially on participants with a high degree of affection for the club. The themes emerging from the content analysis process proved the negative effects on subjective well-being, highlighting the areas in which it was most felt, namely in the change and break of routines, the perceived feelings and emotions and the impossibility of expressing support for the team. The implications of the study refer to the importance that attending football matches in person has on the subjective well-being of the respective supporters. Future investigations are necessary to support these results, studying in more depth the impact that football has on the well-being of its fans, regardless of the pandemic context that framed our investigation.
Description
Keywords
Pandemia COVID-19 Interdição de público Adeptos de futebol Bem-estar subjetivo Afeição ao clube COVID-19 pandemic Public interdiction Football supporters Subjective wellbeing Club affection