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Autores
Resumo(s)
Introdução
Um desenvolvimento músculo-esquelético harmonioso implica uma mastigação bilateral. Quando unilateral, pode ter repercussões anatómicas e funcionais passíveis de serem identificadas no exame clínico e radiográfico.
Objetivos
Os principais objetivos são: 1- Identificar o ângulo funcional mastigatório (AFM) e o lado preferencial de mastigação (LPM); 2- Determinar a relação entre ambos, com estruturas anatómicas avaliáveis na ortopantomografia e com diferentes variáveis em estudo.
Material e métodos:
Avaliaram-se 70 indivíduos (58,6% mulheres; 41,4% homens), 51 (72,9%) da Clínica Universitária ICS-UCP e 19 (27,1%) da Policlínica do Sátão. As variáveis em estudo foram avaliadas por questionário (género, idade, saúde geral e oral, perceção do LPM, hábitos parafuncionais), por exame clínico (terços faciais, dentes ausentes, desgastes dentários, AFM, LPM) e por avaliação radiográfica (tamanho do côndilo, altura mandibular, inclinação da eminência articular). Os dados recolhidos foram introduzidos e analisados no software IBM-SPSS® considerando um nível de significância de 5%.
Resultados:
Apesar da maior parte dos pacientes não reconhecer o seu LPM, ele está presente em 77,1% dos indivíduos, sendo o lado direito o mais predominante (63%). Encontramos uma relação estatisticamente significativa (p≤0,05) entre o LPM e o AFM. Os mastigadores bilaterais apresentam AFM semelhantes e os mastigadores unilaterais fazem-no para o lado de menor AFM. No que se refere às variáveis radiográficas os resultados são inconclusivos. Encontrou-se uma associação estatisticamente significativa (p=0,038) entre a presença de hábitos parafuncionais e o 1º reflexo mastigatório. O género feminino tem mais hábitos parafuncionais e uma menor perceção do LPM. Conclusão:
Tendo em conta as limitações e características da amostra, os resultados obtidos são relevantes e motivadores para futuras investigações. As repercussões da mastigação unilateral sobre o sistema estomatognático explicam a importância da sua identificação para se atuar precoce e intercetivamente e para o diagnóstico e plano de tratamento adequados a um sucesso terapêutico.
Introduction: A harmonious musculoskeletal development implies a bilateral mastication. Unilateral mastication can have anatomical and functional repercussions that can be identified in clinical and radiographic examination. Aims: The main aims are: 1- to identify the functional masticatory angle (FMA) and de preferential mastication side (PMS); 2- to determine the relation between them, with anatomical structures evaluable in orthopantomography, and with different variables under study. Material and methods: A total of 70 individuals (58,6% female; 41,4% male), 51 (72,9%) from the ICS-UCP University Clinic and 19 from Policlínica do Sátão were evaluated. The variables studied were evaluated by questionnaire (gender, age, general and oral health, self-perception of PMS, parafunctional habits), by clinical examination (facial thirds, absent teeth, tooth attrition, FMA, PMS) and by radiographic evaluation (size of condyle, mandibular height, inclination of articular eminence). The collected data were introduced and analyzed in IBM-SPSS® software, considering a significance level of 5%. Results: Although most patients do not recognize their PMS, it is present in 77,1% of the individuals, being most frequent the right side (63%). We found a statistically significant relation (p≤0,05) between PMS and MFA. Bilateral masticators have similar MFA and unilateral ones do it for the lower MFA side. Regarding the radiographic variables, the results are inconclusive. A statistically significant association (p=0,038) was found between the presence of parafunctional habits and the first masticatory reflex. Women showed more parafunctional habits and a lower perception of PMS. Conclusion: Considering sample limitations and characteristics, obtained results are relevant and motivating for future investigations. The consequences of unilateral mastication on the stomatognatic system explain the importance of its identification to act early and interceptionally and to do the diagnosis and treatment plan appropriate to a success therapy.
Introduction: A harmonious musculoskeletal development implies a bilateral mastication. Unilateral mastication can have anatomical and functional repercussions that can be identified in clinical and radiographic examination. Aims: The main aims are: 1- to identify the functional masticatory angle (FMA) and de preferential mastication side (PMS); 2- to determine the relation between them, with anatomical structures evaluable in orthopantomography, and with different variables under study. Material and methods: A total of 70 individuals (58,6% female; 41,4% male), 51 (72,9%) from the ICS-UCP University Clinic and 19 from Policlínica do Sátão were evaluated. The variables studied were evaluated by questionnaire (gender, age, general and oral health, self-perception of PMS, parafunctional habits), by clinical examination (facial thirds, absent teeth, tooth attrition, FMA, PMS) and by radiographic evaluation (size of condyle, mandibular height, inclination of articular eminence). The collected data were introduced and analyzed in IBM-SPSS® software, considering a significance level of 5%. Results: Although most patients do not recognize their PMS, it is present in 77,1% of the individuals, being most frequent the right side (63%). We found a statistically significant relation (p≤0,05) between PMS and MFA. Bilateral masticators have similar MFA and unilateral ones do it for the lower MFA side. Regarding the radiographic variables, the results are inconclusive. A statistically significant association (p=0,038) was found between the presence of parafunctional habits and the first masticatory reflex. Women showed more parafunctional habits and a lower perception of PMS. Conclusion: Considering sample limitations and characteristics, obtained results are relevant and motivating for future investigations. The consequences of unilateral mastication on the stomatognatic system explain the importance of its identification to act early and interceptionally and to do the diagnosis and treatment plan appropriate to a success therapy.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Mastigação Ângulo funcional mastigatório Lado preferencial de mastigação Disfunção mastigatória Mastication Functional masticatory angle Preferential mastication side Masticatory dysfunction