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A liderança de Mohammed bin Salman na Arábia Saudita : a sua influência na política externa
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O Reino da Arábia Saudita está a implementar um conjunto de reformas internas que provocaram alguma surpresa na comunidade internacional, nomeadamente em medidas que ofereceram mais liberdades às mulheres, permitindo-lhes estar menos dependentes dos seus maridos, conduzir, entrar em recintos desportivos ou a possibilidade de escolha no uso do hijab. Para além do referido, no campo económico, existe uma transformação em curso para tornar um país que tem estado dependente do setor petrolífero a uma economia de mercado, aberta a investimento estrangeiro e que possa ser sustentada através de serviços, tal como já acontece noutros países do Golfo. Estas reformas aconteceram com um maior destaque a partir de 2017, quando Mohammed bin Salman fora anunciado como herdeiro ao trono saudita. A mudança de estratégia nas políticas internas são apenas um pequeno passo num objetivo maior constatado no plano Visão 2030, que tenciona sobretudo dar um papel de relevo à Arábia Saudita no seu contexto regional, através de reformas políticas, económicas e sociais. A mudança na política externa do Reino tem como motivo principal combater a ascensão da República Islâmica do Irão como potência regional, tendo Teerão influência governativa sobre vários Estados árabes. Esta investigação, pretende assim explicar de que modo é que a liderança de Mohammed bin Salman, enquanto príncipe herdeiro, através das reformas internas que estão a ser implementadas, é capaz de influenciar a política externa saudita. Pretende-se sobretudo demonstrar que, será através dos ganhos políticos e económicos das medidas reformistas, que Mohammed bin Salman conseguirá transformar a Arábia Saudita num ator com mais relevo e poder no Médio Oriente, tentando adaptar a sua região aos interesses sauditas, especialmente no modelo governativo monárquico e na promoção do ramo sunita do Islão enquanto religião dominante.
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is implementing a series of internal reforms that have caused some surprise in the international community, particularly in measures that have offered more freedoms to women, allowing them to be less dependent on their husbands, to drive, to enter sports venues or to choose to wear the hijab. In addition, in the economic field, there is a transformation underway to turn a country that has been dependent on the oil sector into a market economy, open to foreign investment and which can be sustained through services, as is already the case in other Gulf countries. These reforms have been more prominent since 2017, when Mohammed bin Salman was announced as heir to the Saudi throne. The change of strategy in domestic policies is just a small step in a larger objective set out in the Vision 2030 plan, which aims above all to give Saudi Arabia a prominent role in its regional context, through political, economic and social reforms. The main reason for the change in the Kingdom's foreign policy is to combat the rise of the Islamic Republic of Iran as a regional power, with Tehran having governing influence over several Arab states. This research aims to explain how Mohammed bin Salman's leadership as crown prince, through the internal reforms that are being implemented, is capable of influencing Saudi foreign policy. Above all, it aims to demonstrate that it will be through the political and economic gains of the reform measures that Mohammed bin Salman will be able to transform Saudi Arabia into a more prominent and powerful player in the Middle East, trying to adapt his region to Saudi interests, especially in the monarchical governing model and in promoting the Sunni the Sunni branch of Islam as the dominant religion.
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is implementing a series of internal reforms that have caused some surprise in the international community, particularly in measures that have offered more freedoms to women, allowing them to be less dependent on their husbands, to drive, to enter sports venues or to choose to wear the hijab. In addition, in the economic field, there is a transformation underway to turn a country that has been dependent on the oil sector into a market economy, open to foreign investment and which can be sustained through services, as is already the case in other Gulf countries. These reforms have been more prominent since 2017, when Mohammed bin Salman was announced as heir to the Saudi throne. The change of strategy in domestic policies is just a small step in a larger objective set out in the Vision 2030 plan, which aims above all to give Saudi Arabia a prominent role in its regional context, through political, economic and social reforms. The main reason for the change in the Kingdom's foreign policy is to combat the rise of the Islamic Republic of Iran as a regional power, with Tehran having governing influence over several Arab states. This research aims to explain how Mohammed bin Salman's leadership as crown prince, through the internal reforms that are being implemented, is capable of influencing Saudi foreign policy. Above all, it aims to demonstrate that it will be through the political and economic gains of the reform measures that Mohammed bin Salman will be able to transform Saudi Arabia into a more prominent and powerful player in the Middle East, trying to adapt his region to Saudi interests, especially in the monarchical governing model and in promoting the Sunni the Sunni branch of Islam as the dominant religion.
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Arábia Saudita Médio oriente Mohammed bin Salman Política externa Reformas Foreign policy Middle east Saudi Arabia Reforms
Contexto Educativo
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Licença CC
Sem licença CC